ReviewRetrovirology2018
Poly- and autoreactivity of HIV-1 bNAbs: implications for vaccine design.
Review in Retrovirology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural basis of membrane engagement and polyreactivity control in HIV-1 MPER broadly neutralizing antibodies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Germline-Targeting Strategies to Induce bNAbs against HIV-1.Current HIV research · 2026Review
- A comprehensive engineering strategy improves potency and manufacturability of a near pan-neutralizing antibody against HIV.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2025Article
- Engaging an HIV vaccine target through the acquisition of low B cell affinity.Nature communications · 2023Article
- mRNA vaccines: a new opportunity for malaria, tuberculosis and HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Peptide Triazole Inhibitors of HIV-1: Hijackers of Env Metastability.Current protein & peptide science · 2023Review
- Review
- Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by HIV-1 specific broadly neutralizing antibodies and polyclonal plasma.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Advances in nanomaterial vaccine strategies to address infectious diseases impacting global health.Nature nanotechnology · 2021Review
- Article
- Conformational diversity facilitates antibody mutation trajectories and discrimination between foreign and self-antigens.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Conditional antibody expression to avoid central B cell deletion in humanized HIV-1 vaccine mouse models.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Cross-Reactivity to Kynureninase Tolerizes B Cells That Express the HIV-1 Broadly Neutralizing Antibody 2F5.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Strategies for inducing effective neutralizing antibody responses against HIV-1.Expert review of vaccines · 2019Review
- Minding the gap: The impact of B-cell tolerance on the microbial antibody repertoire.Immunological reviews · 2019Review
- Proteins mimicking epitope of HIV-1 virus neutralizing antibody induce virus-neutralizing sera in mice.EBioMedicine · 2019Article
- Back-to-Germline (B2G) Procedure for Antibody Devolution.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Identification of variant HIV envelope proteins with enhanced affinities for precursors to anti-gp41 broadly neutralizing antibodies.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A central puzzle in HIV-1 research is the inability of vaccination or even infection to reliably elicit humoral responses against broadly neutralizing epitopes in the HIV-1 envelope protein. In infected individuals, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) do arise in a substantial minority, but only after 2 or more years of chronic infection. All known bNAbs possess at least one of three traits: a high frequency of somatic hypermutation, a long third complementarity determining region in the antibody heavy chain (HCDR3), or significant poly- or autoreactivity. Collectively, these observations suggest a plausible explanation for the rarity of many types of bNAbs: namely, that their generation is blocked by immunological tolerance or immune response checkpoints, thereby mandating that B cells take a tortuous path of somatic evolution over several years to achieve broadly neutralizing activity. In this brief review, we discuss the evidence for this tolerance hypothesis, its implications for HIV-1 vaccine design, and potential ways to access normally forbidden compartments of the antibody repertoire by modulating or circumventing tolerance controls.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.