ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2018
Infant Formula Feeding Increases Hepatic Cholesterol 7α Hydroxylase (CYP7A1) Expression and Fecal Bile Acid Loss in Neonatal Piglets.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise training and diet-induced weight loss increase markers of hepatic bile acid (BA) synthesis and reduce serum total BA concentrations in obese women.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- Breastfeeding type is associated with urinary metabolic changes in early life: influence of sex and early weight gain in healthy term infants.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Article
- Human Milk-Fed Piglets Have a Distinct Small Intestine and Circulatory Metabolome Profile Relative to That of Milk Formula-Fed Piglets.mSystems · 2021Article
- Longitudinal Profiles of Dietary and Microbial Metabolites in Formula- and Breastfed Infants.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Article
- Divergence in aerobic capacity impacts bile acid metabolism in young women.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2020Article
- MicroRNA profiles were altered in neonatal piglet mammary glands following postnatal infant formula feeding.The Journal of nutritional biochemistry · 2020Article
- Potential role of gut microbiota, the proto-oncogene PIKE (Agap2) and cytochrome P450 CYP2W1 in promotion of liver cancer by alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and protection by dietary soy protein.Chemico-biological interactions · 2020Article
- Infant Formula Feeding Changes the Proliferative Status in Piglet Neonatal Mammary Glands Independently of Estrogen Signaling.The Journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- Neonatal Diet Impacts the Large Intestine Luminal Metabolome at Weaning and Post-Weaning in Piglets Fed Formula or Human Milk.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Neonatal diet impacts liver mitochondrial bioenergetics in piglets fed formula or human milk.BMC nutrition · 2020Article
- Modulating Sterol Concentrations in Infant Formula Influences Cholesterol Absorption and Synthesis in the Neonatal Piglet.Nutrients · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: During the postnatal feeding period, formula-fed infants have higher cholesterol synthesis rates and lower circulating cholesterol concentrations than their breastfed counterparts. Although this disparity has been attributed to the uniformly low dietary cholesterol content of typical infant formulas, little is known of the underlying mechanisms associated with this altered cholesterol metabolism phenotype. Objective: We aimed to determine the molecular etiology of diet-associated changes in early-life cholesterol metabolism with the use of a postnatal piglet feeding model. Methods: Two-day-old male and female White-Dutch Landrace piglets were fed either sow milk (Sow group) or dairy-based (Milk group; Similac Advance powder) or soy-based (Soy group; Emfamil Prosobee Lipil powder) infant formulas until day 21. In addition to measuring serum cholesterol concentrations, hepatic and intestinal genes involved in enterohepatic circulation of cholesterol and bile acids were analyzed by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Bile acid concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in serum, liver, and feces. Results: Compared with the Sow group, hepatic cholesterol 7α hydroxylase (CYP7A1) protein expression was 3-fold higher in the Milk group (P < 0.05) and expression was 10-fold higher in the Soy group compared with the Milk group (P < 0.05). Likewise, fecal bile acid concentrations were 3-fold higher in the Soy group compared with the Milk group (P < 0.05). Intestinal mRNA expression of fibroblast factor 19 (Fgf19) was reduced in the Milk and Soy groups, corresponding to 54% and 67% decreases compared with the Sow group. In the Soy group, small heterodimer protein (SHP) protein expression was 30% lower compared with the Sow group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These results indicate that formula feeding leads to increased CYP7A1 protein expression and fecal bile acid loss in neonatal piglets, and this outcome is linked to reduced efficacy in inhibiting CYP7A1 expression through FGF19 and SHP transcriptional repression mechanisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.