ReviewJornal brasileiro de nefrologia
APOL1 risk variants and kidney disease: what we know so far.
Review in Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- APOL1 kidney disease: a critical narrative review of molecular mechanisms, clinical heterogeneity, and the emerging therapeutic landscape.International urology and nephrology · 2026Review
- An integrative review of APOL1 kidney disease with a focus on the Brazilian population.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Review
- The triglyceride-glucose index in chronic kidney disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Novel biomarkers for CKD risk stratification: a literature review.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia · 2026Review
- Clinical implications of apolipoprotein L1 testing in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a review of diagnostic and prognostic implications.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- CRISPR-enabled point-of-care genotyping for APOL1 genetic risk assessment.EMBO molecular medicine · 2024Article
- ADAR regulates APOL1 via A-to-I RNA editing by inhibition of MDA5 activation in a paradoxical biological circuit.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- GWAS in people of Middle Eastern descent reveals a locus protective of kidney function-a cross-sectional study.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Collapsing Glomerulopathy: A Review by the Collapsing Brazilian Consortium.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- High risk APOL1 genotypes and kidney disease among treatment naïve HIV patients at Kano, Nigeria.PloS one · 2022Article
- Variant APOL1 protein in plasma associates with larger particles in humans and mouse models of kidney injury.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- A focus on the association of Apol1 with kidney disease in children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease in Older Adults with Hyperlipidemia and/or Cardiovascular Diseases in Taipei City, Taiwan: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Podocytopathies.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2020Review
- The Role and Function of HDL in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- The influence of haemodialysis on CD4+ T-cell counts in people living with human immunodeficiency virus with end-stage kidney disease.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2020Article
- APOL1-Associated Kidney Disease in Brazil.Kidney international reports · 2019Article
- The APOL1 gene and kidney transplantation: a review article.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaReview
- Collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis probably triggered by dengue virus infection - two case reports.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There are striking differences in chronic kidney disease between Caucasians and African descendants. It was widely accepted that this occurred due to socioeconomic factors, but recent studies show that apolipoprotein L-1 (APOL1) gene variants are strongly associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, HIV-associated nephropathy, hypertensive nephrosclerosis, and lupus nephritis in the African American population. These variants made their way to South America trough intercontinental slave traffic and conferred an evolutionary advantage to the carries by protecting against forms of trypanosomiasis, but at the expense of an increased risk of kidney disease. The effect of the variants does not seem to be related to their serum concentration, but rather to local action on the podocytes. Risk variants are also important in renal transplantation, since grafts from donors with risk variants present worse survival.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.