Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30052663›Full record

ArticlePloS one2018

Overview of three influenza seasons in Georgia, 2014-2017.

Ann Machablishvili, Giorgi Chakhunashvili, Khatuna Zakhashvili, Irakli Karseladze, Olgha Tarkhan-Mouravi, Mari Gavashelidze, Tamar Jashiashvili, Lela Sabadze, Paata Imnadze, Rodney S Daniels and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Influenza A and B in a cohort of outpatient children and adolescent with influenza like-illness during two consecutive influenza seasons.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Ann MachablishviliNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.ORCID 0000-0003-4779-9801
Giorgi ChakhunashviliNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Khatuna ZakhashviliNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Irakli KarseladzeNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Olgha Tarkhan-MouraviNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Mari GavashelidzeNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Tamar JashiashviliNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Lela SabadzeNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Paata ImnadzeNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Rodney S DanielsWorldwide Influenza Centre (WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza), The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
Burcu ErmetalWorldwide Influenza Centre (WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza), The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
John W McCauleyWorldwide Influenza Centre (WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza), The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
National Center for Disease Control and Public Health · GEThe Francis Crick Institute · GBTbilisi State University · GE

Funding

Cancer Research UK FC001030Medical Research Council FC001030Wellcome Trust FC001030
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfluenza epidemiological and virologic data from Georgia are limited. We aimed to present Influenza Like Illness (ILI) and Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) surveillance data and characterize influenza viruses circulating in the country over three influenza seasons.

methodsWe analyzed sentinel site ILI and SARI data for the 2014-2017 seasons in Georgia. Patients' samples were screened by real-time RT-PCR and influenza viruses isolated were characterized antigenically by haemagglutination inhibition assay and genetically by sequencing of HA and NA genes.

results32% (397/1248) of ILI and 29% (581/1997) of SARI patients tested were positive for influenza viruses. In 2014-2015 the median week of influenza detection was week 7/2015 with B/Yamagata lineage viruses dominating (79%); in 2015-2016-week 5/2016 was the median with A/H1N1pdm09 viruses prevailing (83%); and in 2016-2017 a bimodal distribution of influenza activity was observed-the first wave was caused by A/H3N2 (55%) with median week 51/2016 and the second by B/Victoria lineage viruses (45%) with median week 9/2017. For ILI, influenza virus detection was highest in children aged 5-14 years while for SARI patients most were aged >15 years and 27 (4.6%) of 581 SARI cases died during the three seasons. Persons aged 30-64 years had the highest risk of fatal outcome, notably those infected with A/H1N1pdm09 (OR 11.41, CI 3.94-33.04, p<0.001). A/H1N1pdm09 viruses analyzed by gene sequencing fell into genetic groups 6B and 6B.1; A/H3N2 viruses belonged to genetic subclades 3C.3b, 3C.3a, 3C.2a and 3C.2a1; B/Yamagata lineage viruses were of clade 3 and B/Victoria lineage viruses fell in clade1A.

conclusionIn Georgia influenza virus activity occurred mainly from December through March in all seasons, with varying peak weeks and predominating viruses. Around one third of ILI/ SARI cases were associated with influenza caused by antigenically and genetically distinct influenza viruses over the course of the three seasons.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAge FactorsAnimalsChildChild, PreschoolDogsEpidemiological MonitoringGeorgia (Republic)HumansInfantInfluenza, HumanMadin Darby Canine Kidney CellsMiddle AgedOrthomyxoviridae

Identifiers

PMID30052663
PMCPMC6063423
OpenAlexW2884467990

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.