ReviewFrontiers in nutrition2018
The Well-Developed Mucosal Immune Systems of Birds and Mammals Allow for Similar Approaches of Mucosal Vaccination in Both Types of Animals.
Review in Frontiers in nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineered Bacillus subtilis Spores Surface-Displaying a PRRSV GP3/GP4/GP5 Fusion Antigen: A Preliminary Immunogenicity Evaluation in Mice and Piglets.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Livestock immunomodulators as alternatives to antimicrobials - a roadmap for the fight against drug resistance.BMC veterinary research · 2026Review
- Mixed Eimeria infections disrupt tight junctions and microbial homeostasis to compromise the intestinal mucosal barrier in rabbits: partial protection by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum supplementation.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Assessment of the Immunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated Associated Vaccine Against Influenza and Newcastle Disease.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Protein nanoparticle-based vaccine candidate produced inFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- LPS/TLR4-activated M1-polarized macrophage-derived exosomes enhance IBV vaccine efficacy in chickens.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Preharvest Control ofMicroorganisms · 2025Review
- Development of Plant-Based Multivalent Vaccine Candidates for SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus Using InactivatedVaccines · 2025Article
- mRNA Galsomes Vaccine Protects Budgerigars Against VirulentVaccines · 2025Article
- Clarification of a unique mucosal vaccination route for improved systemic and mucosal immune response in broiler.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Chicken Secondary Lymphoid Tissues-Structure and Relevance in Immunological Research.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Article
- Ascaridia galli infection in chicken: Pathobiology and immunological orchestra.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Review
- Intracloacal Inoculation of Broiler Chickens withMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Effects of supplemental different clay minerals in broiler chickens under cyclic heat stress.Journal of animal science and technology · 2023Article
- Contribution ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Influence of Heat Stress on Poultry Growth Performance, Intestinal Inflammation, and Immune Function and Potential Mitigation by Probiotics.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Article
- The Effect ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Avian Cell Culture Models to Study Immunomodulatory Properties of Bioactive Products.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The mucosal immune system is a compartmentalized part of the immune system that provides local immunity in the mucosa of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and digestive tracts. It possesses secondary lymphoid tissues, which contain immune cells, such as T, B, and dendritic cells. Once the cells of the mucosal immune system are stimulated by luminal antigens, including microorganisms, they infiltrate into diffuse areas of mucosal tissues (e.g., respiratory mucosa and lamina propria of intestinal villi) and exhibit immune effector functions. Inducing the antigen-specific immune responses in mucosal tissues by mucosal vaccination would be an ideal strategy for not only humans, but also mammals and birds, to protect against infectious diseases occurring in mucosal tissues (e.g., pneumonia and diarrhea). Infectious diseases cause huge economic losses in agriculture, such as livestock and poultry industries. Since most infectious diseases occur in mucosal tissues, vaccines that are capable of inducing immune responses in mucosal tissues are in high need. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of mucosal immunity in mammals and birds, and recent progress in the development of mucosal vaccines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.