ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutics2018
Design and characterisation of a dissolving microneedle patch for intradermal vaccination with heat-inactivated bacteria: A proof of concept study.
Article in International journal of pharmaceutics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Bibliometric analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine development highlighting research status, evolution, and future opportunities.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Intradermal delivery of lipophilic siRNAs enables prolonged skin retention and sustained gene silencing in a porcine model.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Microneedle Technologies for Drug Delivery: Innovations, Applications, and Commercial Challenges.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Polymeric Microneedles: Advancing Potential Through Innovative Manufacturing, Polymer Design, and Characterization Techniques.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Research Progress of Microneedles in Vaccine Delivery.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Quality-by-design principles applied to the development and optimisation of lidocaine-loaded dissolving microneedle arrays - a proof-of-concept.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- Review
- Beyond the Needle: Innovative Microneedle-Based Transdermal Vaccination.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Biologically Relevant Murine Models of ChronicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Microneedles: An Emerging Vaccine Delivery Tool and a Prospective Solution to the Challenges of SARS-CoV-2 Mass Vaccination.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Review
- Potential of Microneedle Systems for COVID-19 Vaccination: Current Trends and Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Microneedle-Based Vaccine Delivery: Review of an Emerging Technology.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2022Review
- Enhancement strategies for transdermal drug delivery systems: current trends and applications.Drug delivery and translational research · 2022Article
- Dissolvable Microneedle Patches to Enable Increased Access to Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and Future Pandemic Outbreaks.Vaccines · 2021Article
- Development of vaccine formulations: past, present, and future.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021Review
- Microarray patches enable the development of skin-targeted vaccines against COVID-19.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- Progress in microneedle array patch (MAP) for vaccine delivery.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Microneedles Drug Delivery Systems for Treatment of Cancer: A Recent Update.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This work describes the formulation and evaluation of dissolving microneedle patches (MNs) for intradermal delivery of heat-inactivated bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, strain PA01, was used as a model bacterium. Utilising a simple, cost effective fabrication process, P. aeruginosa was heat-inactivated and formulated into dissolving MNs, fabricated from aqueous blends of 20% w/w poly(methylvinylether/maleic acid). The resultant MNs were of sufficient mechanical strength to consistently penetrate a validated skin model Parafilm M®, inserting to a depth of between 254 and 381 µm. MNs were successfully inserted into murine skin and partially dissolved. Analysis of MN dissolution kinetics in murine ears via optical coherence tomography showed almost complete MN dissolution 5 min post-insertion. Mice were vaccinated using these optimised MNs by application of one MN to the dorsal surface of each ear (5 min). Mice were subsequently challenged intranasally (24 h) with a live culture of P. aeruginosa (2 × 10
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.