ArticlePloS one2018
The evaluation of Animal Bite Treatment Centers in the Philippines from a patient perspective.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Community Engagement Within the Evaluation of Public Policies for Zoonotic Spillover Prevention: A Secondary Matrix Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Functions and challenges of a government-run animal bite treatment center in the delivery of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis services in Iloilo City, Philippines: A 6-year descriptive study, 2018-2023.Dialogues in health · 2026Article
- Process mapping the One Health response to a rabies outbreak in the Philippines.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Drivers of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis noncompletion in Cambodia, 2019 to 2022.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Cat bite injuries to the hand and forearm: the impact of antibiotic treatment on microbiological findings and clinical outcome.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2024Article
- Puppies as the primary causal animal for human rabies cases: three-year prospective study of human rabies in the Philippines.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Progress towards dog-mediated rabies elimination in PR China: a scoping review.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2023Article
- A cross-sectional survey on fruit bat-human interaction in Pakistan; one health perspective.One health outlook · 2023Article
- Impact of the switch from four to three intradermal rabies post-exposure prophylaxis sessions in patients bitten by dogs: A cost-consequence analysis from the patients' perspective.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- Clinical, epidemiological, and spatial features of human rabies cases in Metro Manila, the Philippines from 2006 to 2015.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- One Health Surveillance for Rabies: A Case Study of Integrated Bite Case Management in Albay Province, Philippines.Frontiers in tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Roles of traditional medicine and traditional healers for rabies prevention and potential impacts on post-exposure prophylaxis: A literature review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Review
- Household survey on owned dog population and rabies knowledge in selected municipalities in Bulacan, Philippines: A cross-sectional study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Human rabies: prospects for elimination.CAB reviews : perspectives in agriculture, veterinary science, nutrition and natural resources · 2021Article
- Determining the post-elimination level of vaccination needed to prevent re-establishment of dog rabies.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Article
- Impact of Integrating Rabies Education Into the Curriculum of Public Elementary Schools in Ilocos Norte, Philippines on Rabies Knowledge, and Animal Bite Incidence.Frontiers in public health · 2019Article
- Long-term spatio-temporal trends in global rabies burden and its association with animal rabies vaccination during 1990-2019.Pathogens and global healthArticle
- The epidemiology of dog bite injuries in Greece: preliminary results of a surveillance scheme.HippokratiaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Philippines has built an extensive decentralised network of Animal Bite Treatment Centers (ABTCs) to help bite victims receive timely rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) at little cost. This study surveyed patients in the community and at ABTCs of three provinces to assess animal bite/scratch incidence, health-seeking behaviour and PEP-related out-of pocket expenses (OOPE). METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL
findingsDuring community surveys in 90 barangays (neighbourhoods), 53% of households reported at least one animal bite /scratch injury over the past 3 years, similar across urban and rural barangays. Overall bite/scratch incidences in 2016-17 were 67.3, 41.9 and 48.8 per 1,000 population per year for Nueva Vizcaya, Palawan and Tarlac respectively. Incidences were around 50% higher amongst those under 15 years of age, compared to -those older than 15. Household awareness of the nearest ABTCs was generally over 80%, but only 44.9% sought proper medical treatment and traditional remedies were still frequently used. The proportion of patients seeking PEP was not related to the distance or travel time to the nearest ABTC. For those that did not seek medical treatment, most cited a lack of awareness or insufficient funds and almost a third visited a traditional healer. No deaths from bite/scratch injuries were reported. A cohort of 1,105 patients were interviewed at six ABTCs in early 2017. OOPE varied across the ABTCs, from 5.53 USD to 37.83 USD per patient, primarily dependent on the need to pay for immunization if government supplies had run out. Overall, 78% of patients completed the recommended course, and the main reason for non-completion was a lack of time, followed by insufficient funds. Dog observation data revealed that 85% of patients were not truly exposed to rabies, and education in bite prevention might reduce provoked bites and demand for PEP. An accompanying paper details the ABTC network from the health provider's perspective.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.