ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2018
Increasing Age Has Limited Impact on Risk of
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Body mass index and risk of clostridioides difficile infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infection · 2022Pooled it
- CLOVER (CLOstridium difficile Vaccine Efficacy tRial) Study: A Phase 3, Randomized Trial Investigating the Efficacy and Safety of a Detoxified Toxin A/B Vaccine in Adults 50 Years and Older at Increased Risk of Clostridioides difficile Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Identification and Characterization of Patient Populations at High Risk for Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI): A Narrative Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Assessing the association between elements of health inequalities and the risk of bacterial infection in high-income countries: a systematic scoping review.Access microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Retrospective, propensity score--matched study examining the relationship between frailty and Clostridioides difficile infection in a national cohort of US veterans.American journal of infection control · 2024Article
- Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Investigation of the Impact of Probiotic Consumption on Gut Microbiota Diversity and the Faecal Metabolome in Seniors.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- A Systematic Literature Review on Risk Factors for and Timing of Clostridioides difficile Infection in the United States.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Review
- Incidence, healthcare and out-of-pocket costs, and mortality ofAntimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2024Article
- Informing estimates of probability ofAntimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2024Article
- Interaction of Clostridioides difficile infection with frailty and cognition in the elderly: a narrative review.European journal of medical research · 2023Review
- Increased Incidence and Risk of Septicemia and Urinary Tract Infection AfterOpen forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Healthcare Costs ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Costs Attributable to Clostridioides difficile Infection Based on the Setting of Onset.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Article
- Treatment and outcomes among patients ≥85 years hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2022Article
- Epidemiology and Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Geriatric Patients: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Article
- Infections in the older population: what do we know?Aging clinical and experimental research · 2021Article
- Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Prevalence ofInfection and drug resistance · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNumerous studies have found increased risk of
methodsA total of 174 903 persons aged 66 years and older coded for CDI in 2011 were identified using Medicare claims data. The comparison population consisted of 1 453 867 uninfected persons. Potential risk factors for CDI were identified in the prior 12 months and organized into categories, including infections, acute noninfectious conditions, chronic comorbidities, frailty indicators, and health care utilization. Multivariable logistic regression models with CDI as the dependent variable were used to determine the categories with the biggest impact on model performance.
resultsIncreasing age was associated with progressively increasing risk of CDI in univariate analysis, with 5-fold increased risk of CDI in 94-95-year-old persons compared with those aged 66-67 years. Independent risk factors for CDI with the highest effect sizes included septicemia (odds ratio [OR], 4.1), emergency hospitalization(s) (OR, 3.9), short-term skilled nursing facility stay(s) (OR, 2.7), diverticulitis (OR, 2.2), and pneumonia (OR, 2.1). Exclusion of age from the full model had no impact on model performance. Exclusion of acute noninfectious conditions followed by frailty indicators resulted in lower c-statistics and poor model fit. Further exclusion of health care utilization variables resulted in a large drop in the c-statistic.
conclusionsAge did not improve CDI risk prediction after controlling for a wide variety of infections, other acute conditions, frailty indicators, and prior health care utilization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.