Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30041682›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition2018

The influence of citrus aurantium and caffeine complex versus placebo on the cardiac autonomic response: a double blind crossover design.

Brian Kliszczewicz, Emily Bechke, Cassie Williamson, Paul Bailey, Wade Hoffstetter, John McLester, Cherilyn McLester

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Bitter OrangeFrontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Brian KliszczewiczDepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA. Bkliszcz@kennesaw.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0692-3407
Emily BechkeDepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.
Cassie WilliamsonDepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.
Paul BaileyDepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.
Wade HoffstetterDepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.
John McLesterDepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.
Cherilyn McLesterDepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the resting cardiac autonomic nervous system's response to the ingestion of a complex containing Citrus aurantium + Caffeine (CA + C) and its influence on recovery following a high-intensity anaerobic exercise bout in habitual caffeine users.

methodsTen physically active males (25.1 ± 3.9 years; weight 78.71 ± 9.53 kg; height 177.2 ± 4.6 cm; body fat 15.5 ± 3.13%) participated in this study, which consisted of two exhaustive exercise protocols in a randomized crossover design. On each visit the participants consumed either a CA + C (100 mg of CA and 100 mg of C) or placebo (dextrose) capsule. After consumption, participants were monitored throughout a 45-min ingestion period, then completed a repeated Wingate protocol, and were then monitored throughout a 45-min recovery period. Cardiac autonomic function (Heart Rate (HR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV)) and plasma epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) were taken at four different time points; Ingestion period: baseline (I1), post-ingestion period (I2); Recovery period: immediately post-exercise (R1), post-recovery period (R2). Heart rate variability was assessed in 5-min increments.

resultsA repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant time-dependent increases in HR, sympathetic related markers of HRV, and plasma E and NE at I2 only in the CA + C trial (p < 0.05); however, no meaningful changes in parasympathetic markers of HRV were observed. Participants recovered in a similar time-dependent manner in all markers of HRV and catecholamines following the PLA and CA + C trials.

conclusionThe consumption of CA + C results in an increase of sympathetic activity during resting conditions without influencing parasympathetic activity. CA + C provides no influence over cardiac autonomic recovery.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsExerciseAdultAutonomic Nervous SystemCaffeineCitrusDouble-Blind MethodEpinephrineHeartHeart RateHumansMaleNorepinephrineYoung AdultCaffeineEpinephrineNorepinephrineAnaerobicCaffeineHeart rate variabilityP-synephrineRecovery

Identifiers

PMID30041682
PMCPMC6057091

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.