ArticleIntensive care medicine2018
Association of iron status with the risk of bloodstream infections: results from the prospective population-based HUNT Study in Norway.
Article in Intensive care medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Iron Status and NAFLD among European Populations: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Iron Deficiency and Incident Infections among Community-Dwelling Adults Age 70 Years and Older: Results from the DO-HEALTH Study.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2022Trial
- Parenteral iron-Does it increase infection risk?Vox sanguinis · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a prognostic model incorporating the blood urea nitrogen-to-albumin ratio for predicting mortality in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The associations among iron metabolism markers, iron supplementation regimen, and sepsis-induced myocardial injury: a retrospective study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Association of iron-related parameters with the development of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Iron and the immune system.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Non-linear relationship between serum iron levels and 28-day mortality in sepsis patients: a retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Genetic Susceptibility to Causal Relationship Between Iron Metabolism Disorder Involving Immunocytes and Risk of Pneumonia and Sepsis.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Iron deficiency and infection risk in Danish blood donors.Transfusion · 2025Article
- Role of nutrition in diabetes mellitus and infections.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Impact of Iron Profile and Vitamin D Levels on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Cross-sectional Analysis at a Tertiary Care Center.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- Circulating micronutrient levels and their association with sepsis susceptibility and severity: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Serum iron fluctuations link ferroptosis process with mortality and prognosis of acute pancreatitis.iScience · 2023Article
- Insomnia symptoms and risk of bloodstream infections: prospective data from the prospective population-based Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), Norway.Journal of sleep research · 2023Article
- Iron deficiency after kidney transplantation.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2021Article
- Association between iron status and the risk of adverse outcomes in COVID-19.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2021Article
- How Severe Anaemia Might Influence the Risk of Invasive Bacterial Infections in African Children.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Population-based risk factors for community-onset bloodstream infections.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Article
- Risk of bacteremia in hospitalised patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a 9-year cohort study.United European gastroenterology journal · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAs iron is essential for both immune function and microbial growth, alterations in iron status could influence the risk of infections. We assessed the associations of iron status with risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs) and BSI mortality.
methodsWe measured serum iron, transferrin saturation (Tsat) and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) in 61,852 participants in the population-based HUNT2 study (1995-97). Incident BSIs (1995-2011) were identified through linkage with the Mid-Norway Sepsis Register, which includes prospectively registered information on BSI from local and regional hospitals. We assessed the risk of a first-time BSI and BSI mortality with the iron indices using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 14.8 years, 1738 individuals experienced at least one episode of BSI, and 370 died within 30 days after a BSI. In age- and sex-adjusted analyses, BSI risk was increased among participants with indices of iron deficiency, serum iron ≤ 2.5th percentile (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.34-2.21), Tsat ≤ 2.5th percentile (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12-1.96) or TIBC ≥ 97.5th percentile (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06-2.01). The associations remained similar after adjusting for comorbidities and exclusion of BSI related to cancer, rheumatic illnesses and inflammatory bowel disease. BSI mortality showed similar associations.
conclusionIndices of severe iron deficiency are associated with an increased risk of a future BSI.
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