ArticleInternational breastfeeding journal2018
Fish intake reflects on DHA level in breast milk among lactating women in Latvia.
Article in International breastfeeding journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Changes in the Fatty Acid Profile of Lactating Women Living in Poland-A Comparison with the Fatty Acid Profile of Selected Infant Formulas.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Nutritional Status of Breastfeeding Mothers and Impact of Diet and Dietary Supplementation: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Maternal diet and human milk composition: an updated systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Investigation of Maternal Diet andNutrients · 2022Article
- Association betweenNutrients · 2022Article
- Effect of nutritionally modified infant formula on academic performance: linkage of seven dormant randomised controlled trials to national education data.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2021Article
- Article
- Relationship between traditional maternal diet pattern and breastmilk composition of rural lactating women during the first month postpartum in Shigatse, Tibet.Food science & nutrition · 2021Article
- Multidimensional Approach to Assess Nutrition and Lifestyle in Breastfeeding Women during the First Month of Lactation.Nutrients · 2021Article
- The Concentration of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Human Milk Is Related to Their Habitual but Not Current Intake.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Impact of Maternal Diet on Human Milk Composition Among Lactating Women in Latvia.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Article
- Association between Breastmilk LC PUFA, Carotenoids and Psychomotor Development of Exclusively Breastfed Infants.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an essential fatty acid required for proper growth and development. DHA levels in breast milk vary worldwide. Higher levels are observed among coastal populations and are associated with marine food consumption. Latvia is located in Northern Europe, on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Nevertheless, fish consumption among women of reproductive age is low. The aim of this study was to determine DHA levels in breast milk among lactating women in Latvia.
methodsInvitation to participate in the study was posted on a social media member group for breastfeeding mothers. In total, 71 women were enrolled from November 2016 until December 2017. DHA levels (% of total fatty acids) in breast milk were measured by gas chromatography. Information about food consumed during the three consecutive days prior to the milk sampling was obtained and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was completed. Information about maternal and infant characteristics, current breastfeeding pattern and milk expression method was also collected.
resultsThe mean age of participants was 31 ± 4 years and the mean BMI was 22.1 ± 3.2. 27 participants were primiparas. The average age and birth weight for infants (34 males, 33 females) was 6 ± 4 months and 3.46 ± 0.55 kg, respectively. The median DHA level in breast milk (
conclusionsDHA levels in breast milk among lactating women in Latvia correspond to the suggested target DHA value in breast milk (0.30%). Fish consumption is a significant positive predictor for DHA levels in breast milk, however, daily DHA intake among the participants was lower than recommended (200 mg).
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