ArticleScientific reports2018
Impact of viral upper respiratory tract infection on the concentration of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage among Kenyan children.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effects of attenuated influenza virus administration to young children on pneumococcal density and acquisition in UK families: a randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Microbe · 2026Trial
- Prevention of antimicrobial prescribing among infants following maternal vaccination against respiratory syncytial virus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Trial
- Temporal Changes in Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Colonization Density Associated With Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza in a South African Household Cohort Study, 2016-2018.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Influence of Microbiota on Clinical Expressions of Respiratory Viral Infections.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Nasopharyngeal carriage rate, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial profiles of Streptococcus pneumoniae among patients with acute respiratory tract infection in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.Access microbiology · 2024Article
- Unmasking Pneumococcal Carriage in a High Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevalence Population in two Community Cohorts in South Africa, 2016-2018: The PHIRST Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Article
- Intracellular survival ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Factors associated with pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage: A systematic review.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Pneumococcal carriage in children with COVID-19.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Article
- Influenza-like illness is associated with high pneumococcal carriage density in Malawian children.The Journal of infection · 2020Article
- Nasopharyngeal Isolates from a Cohort of Medical Students with or without Pharyngitis.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2020Article
- Association of Laboratory Methods, Colonization Density, and Age With Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Nasopharynx.American journal of epidemiology · 2019Article
- Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Density during Asymptomatic Respiratory Virus Infection and Risk for Subsequent Acute Respiratory Illness.Emerging infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Airway response to respiratory syncytial virus has incidental antibacterial effects.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Factors associated with pneumococcal carriage and density in infants and young children in Laos PDR.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Viral upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) predisposes to bacterial pneumonia possibly by facilitating growth of bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae colonising the nasopharynx. We investigated whether viral URTI is temporally associated with an increase in nasopharyngeal pneumococcal concentration. Episodes of symptomatic RSV or rhinovirus URTI among children <5 years were identified from a longitudinal household study in rural Kenya. lytA and alu PCR were performed on nasopharyngeal samples collected twice-weekly, to measure the pneumococcal concentration adjusted for the concentration of human DNA present. Pneumococcal concentration increased with a fold-change of 3.80 (95%CI 1.95-7.40), with acquisition of RSV or rhinovirus, during 51 URTI episodes among 42 children. In repeated swabs from the baseline period, in the two weeks before URTI developed, within-episode variation was broad; within +/-112-fold range of the geometric mean. We observed only a small increase in nasopharyngeal pneumococcal concentration during RSV or rhinovirus URTI, relative to natural variation. Other factors, such as host response to viral infection, may be more important than nasopharyngeal pneumococcal concentration in determining risk of invasive disease.
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Registered trials
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