Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30037735›Full record

ArticleLancet (London, England)2018

Burden of disease in Brazil, 1990-2016: a systematic subnational analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

GBD 2016 Brazil Collaborators

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Lancet (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 165 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
165citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
106.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

165 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 455 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Brazilian Cardio-oncology Guideline - 2020.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2020
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  13. Trend and burden of lower-limb amputations due to diabetes: time series analysis, Amazonas, 2012-2021.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2026
    Article
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  19. Cardiovascular diseaseLancet regional health. Americas · 2025
    Article
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105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 2 institutions in 1 country.

GBD 2016 Brazil Collaborators
University of Washington · USInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation · US

Funding

Wellcome Trust 109949/Z/15/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPolitical, economic, and epidemiological changes in Brazil have affected health and the health system. We used the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016) results to understand changing health patterns and inform policy responses.

methodsWe analysed GBD 2016 estimates for life expectancy at birth (LE), healthy life expectancy (HALE), all-cause and cause-specific mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and risk factors for Brazil, its 26 states, and the Federal District from 1990 to 2016, and compared these with national estimates for ten comparator countries.

findingsNationally, LE increased from 68·4 years (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 68·0-68·9) in 1990 to 75·2 years (74·7-75·7) in 2016, and HALE increased from 59·8 years (57·1-62·1) to 65·5 years (62·5-68·0). All-cause age-standardised mortality rates decreased by 34·0% (33·4-34·5), while all-cause age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 30·2% (27·7-32·8); the magnitude of declines varied among states. In 2016, ischaemic heart disease was the leading cause of age-standardised YLLs, followed by interpersonal violence. Low back and neck pain, sense organ diseases, and skin diseases were the main causes of YLDs in 1990 and 2016. Leading risk factors contributing to DALYs in 2016 were alcohol and drug use, high blood pressure, and high body-mass index.

interpretationHealth improved from 1990 to 2016, but improvements and disease burden varied between states. An epidemiological transition towards non-communicable diseases and related risks occurred nationally, but later in some states, while interpersonal violence grew as a health concern. Policy makers can use these results to address health disparities.

fundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Brazilian Ministry of Health.

Indexed as

Cause of DeathLife ExpectancyQuality-Adjusted Life YearsAge DistributionBrazilFemaleGlobal Burden of DiseaseHumansMalePersons with DisabilitiesPopulation SurveillanceRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID30037735
PMCPMC6123514
OpenAlexW2883056653

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.