ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2018
Trends in the use of oral emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for pre-exposure prophylaxis against HIV infection, United States, 2012-2017.
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 224 citations in OpenAlex.
- Product Nkabinde Mediates Cytokine Modulation and Antiviral Activity in HIV-Infected MT4 Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Association Between HIV and Substance Use Stigma and Attitudes and Utilization of HIV Care Among Adults Who Use Injection Drugs: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Establish a PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) Epidemiology, Modeling, and Surveillance (PREMISE) System to Analyze Trends in PrEP Uptake and the Impact of PrEP Programs and Policies: Protocol for a Natural Experiment and Modeling Study in the United States.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- HIV Diagnosis and Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Prescription Among Commercially Insured Persons With Bipolar Disorder.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Boosting HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Prescribing Confidence in a Southern Family Medicine Residency.Cureus · 2025Article
- Staff and Providers' Perceptions of Patients' PrEP Candidacy, Acceptability, and Adherence in Methadone Clinic Settings.Substance use & addiction journal · 2025Article
- Inequities in PrEP annualized pill-day coverage, United States, 2018-2022: a cross-sectional pharmacoequity analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Activity Space Mapping and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Sexual Minority Men in Small Cities and Towns in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- PrEP Disparities Among Transgender Feminine, Transgender Masculine, Nonbinary, and Gender Expansive Youth and Young Adults in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- PrEP knowledge and perceptions among women living in North Carolina public housing communities.PloS one · 2025Article
- The prevalence of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (HIV-PrEP) use and HIV-PrEP-to-need ratio in nine Canadian provinces, 2018-2021.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2025Article
- Individual & joint associations of sexual stigma and mental distress with PrEP uptake, adherence and persistence among US gay and bisexual men.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Claims-Based Algorithm to Identify Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Indications for Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine Prescriptions (2012-2014): Validation Study.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Perceived versus actual HIV risk among PrEP indicated persons with criminal legal involvement.AIDS care · 2024Article
- The Association between Social Support and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis use among Sexual Minority Men in the United States: A Scoping Literature Review.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Awareness of, willingness to use, and experiences with Pre-exposure prophylaxis among youth in Nigeria.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Article
- Correlates of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis cessation among men who have sex with men in China: implications from a nationally quantitative and qualitative study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Social Network Characteristics Associated with More Frequent HIV and STI Prevention Conversations: The N2 Cohort Study in Chicago.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposePre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with oral emtricitibine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF/FTC) reduces the risk of HIV infection by >90% when taken as prescribed. Trends in prevalence of PrEP use, which account for persons who have stopped PrEP, increased through 2016, but have not been described since.
methodsAnnual prevalence estimates of unique, TDF/FTC PrEP users (individuals with ≥1 day of a filled PrEP prescription in a given year) in the United States (US) were generated for 2012-2017 from a national prescription database. A validated algorithm was used to distinguish users of TDF/FTC for HIV or chronic Hepatitis B treatment or postexposure prophylaxis from PrEP users. We calculated annual prevalence of PrEP use overall and by age, sex, and region. We used log-transformation to calculate estimated annual percent change (EAPC) in the prevalence of PrEP use.
resultsAnnual prevalence of PrEP use increased from 3.3/100,000 population in 2012 to 36.7 in 2017 -a 56% annual increase from 2012 to 2017 (EAPC: +56%). Annual prevalence of PrEP use increased faster among men than among women (EAPC: +68% and +5%, respectively). By age group, annual prevalence of PrEP use increased fastest among 25- to 34-year olds (EAPC: +61%) and slowest among ≥55-year olds (EAPC: +52%) and ≤24-year olds (EAPC: +51%). In 2017, PrEP use was lowest in the South (29.8/100,000) and highest in the Northeast (62.3/100,000).
conclusionsDespite overall increases in the annual number of TDF/FTC PrEP users in the US from 2012 to 2017, the growth of PrEP coverage is inconsistent across groups. Efforts to optimize PrEP access are especially needed for women and for those living in the South.
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