ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
Toll-Like Receptors, Associated Biological Roles, and Signaling Networks in Non-Mammals.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 145 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
145 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 304 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of structural and immunological features of mollusk toll-like receptors in aquaculture context.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Bibliometric analysis of traditional Chinese medicine for viral infections through immune modulation (2015-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of toll-like receptor agonists as therapeutic agents and vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases in animals: a systematic review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Pooled it
- Trained innate immunity.Immunologic research · 2021Pooled it
- Heterodimerization with signaling-inert TLR8b converts TLR8a from proviral to antiviral sensor in Ctenopharyngodon idella.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Article
- Modulation of immune responses by opioids through toll-like and P2X receptor signaling in COVID-19.Purinergic signalling · 2026Review
- Chemical cues and molecular mechanisms suspected in abiotic stress communication.The Journal of experimental biology · 2026Article
- Absence of Toll-like Receptor 21 (Biology · 2026Article
- Profiling the host defense responses againstmLife · 2026Article
- Life stage-dependent RNA interference in the tropical rock lobsterMarine life science & technology · 2026Article
- Single strain versus multi-strain probiotics in aquaculture: comparative impacts on gut microbiota and immune responses in fish and shellfish.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Decoding the immunological triad of TLRs, B1 cells, and feto-maternal microchimerism in pre-eclampsia pathogenesis: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Toll-like receptors in fish: evolution, structure, immune signaling, and translational prospects for adjuvant-based vaccine design in aquaculture.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Streptococcus pneumoniae upregulates Toll2, Toll9, and defensin genes in Bombyx larvae infection model.PloS one · 2026Article
- TLR25 is endosomally located and responds toFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Objectively Diagnosing Pulpitis: Opportunities and Methodological Challenges in the Development of Point-of-Care Assays.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- The Role of Toll-like Receptors and Viral Infections in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Postbiotics of Marine Origin and Their Therapeutic Application.Marine drugs · 2025Review
85 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The innate immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens, which is initiated by the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Among all the PRRs identified, the toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most ancient class, with the most extensive spectrum of pathogen recognition. Since the first discovery of Toll in
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.