ArticleEndocrinology2018
Estriol Reduces Pulmonary Immune Cell Recruitment and Inflammation to Protect Female Mice From Severe Influenza.
Article in Endocrinology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Sex-Specific COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Microbiota-dependent interferon-λ controls immunity of the uterus and maternal-fetal interface.Research square · 2026Article
- Host Factors Potentially Contributing to Increased Susceptibility in Certain Layer Chicken Lines.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Host Response Mechanisms to Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection in Pigs.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Influenza B virus suppression of Chromosome Y-linked genes increases pulmonary virus replication and disease severity in male mice.Research square · 2026Article
- Microbiota-dependent IFN-L controls uterine and placental immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Immune Responses to Infectious Diseases: The Role of Genetics, Hormones, and Aging.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps-related genes contribute to sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Investigation of Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorder in the Aging FGF21 Knockout Mouse.Inflammation · 2024Article
- Overcoming challenges in the management of recurrent urinary tract infections.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2024Review
- The conneXion between sex and immune responses.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Mechanisms and consequences of sex differences in immune responses.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Role of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and nitrosative stress in regulating sex differences in secondary lymphedema.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Non-Steroidal Estrogens Inhibit Influenza Virus by Interacting with Hemagglutinin and Preventing Viral Fusion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A diagnostic model for sepsis-induced acute lung injury using a consensus machine learning approach and its therapeutic implications.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Biological Sex and Pregnancy Affect Influenza Pathogenesis and Vaccination.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- Estrogens as a Possible Therapeutic Strategy for the Management of Neuroinflammation and Neuroprotection in COVID-19.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- Sex chromosome complement and sex steroid signaling underlie sex differences in immunity to respiratory virus infection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Artificial intelligence-based CT metrics used in predicting clinical outcome of COVID-19 in young and middle-aged adults.Medical physics · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Estriol (E3) is an endogenous estrogen in females with broad biological activity within diverse tissue types. In the context of certain T-cell-mediated autoimmune inflammatory diseases, E3 can ameliorate disease severity through immunomodulatory mechanisms that decrease tissue inflammation. Severe disease caused by influenza A virus (IAV) infection is also characterized by aberrant inflammation and immunopathology. How E3 might affect the pathogenesis of IAV infection, however, has not been explored. Gonadally intact female C57BL/6 mice that were treated with exogenous E3 during infection with mouse-adapted 2009 H1N1 had reduced total pulmonary inflammation and improved disease outcomes compared with females that received no hormone. Furthermore, compared with no hormone treatment, E3 treatment reduced the induction of genes associated with proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine responses in the lungs, which preceded clinical disease, reductions in innate immune cell recruitment, altered pulmonary T-cell skewing, and reduced antibody titers during IAV infection. Although E3 treatment was associated with reduced local and systemic anti-influenza adaptive immune responses, there was no effect of E3 on viral replication or clearance. Together, these data suggest that exogenous E3 confers protection during IAV infection through immunomodulatory mechanisms and that E3 may have broad therapeutic potential in the context of both infectious and noninfectious inflammatory diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.