Observational studyJournal of general internal medicine2018
Use of Chronic Care Management Codes for Medicare Beneficiaries: a Missed Opportunity?
Observational study in Journal of general internal medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patient Perspectives of Care Integration During Early Implementation of a Care Coordination Initiative.Medical care research and review : MCRR · 2026Article
- Use of chronic care management service among Medicare beneficiaries in 2015-2019.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2024Article
- The Growing Primary Care Nurse Practitioner Workforce: A Solution for the Aging Population Living With Dementia.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2021Review
- Payment Discrepancies and Access to Primary Care Physicians for Dual-eligible Medicare-Medicaid Beneficiaries.Medical care · 2021Article
- Use of Chronic Care Management Among Primary Care Clinicians.Annals of family medicine · 2020Article
- Are specific elements of electronic health record use associated with clinician burnout more than others?Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2020Article
- Medicare's Care Management Codes Might Not Support Primary Care As Expected.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2020Article
- A Platform and Clinical Model to Enable Medicare's Chronic Care Management Program.Population health management · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPhysicians spend significant time outside of regular office visits caring for complex patients, and this work is often uncompensated. In 2015, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced a billing code for care coordination between office visits for beneficiaries with multiple chronic conditions.
objectiveCharacterize use of the Chronic Care Management (CCM) code in New England in 2015.
designRetrospective observational analysis.
participantsAll Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries in New England continuously enrolled in Parts A and B in 2015.
interventionNone. MAIN MEASURES: The primary outcome was the number of beneficiaries with a CCM claim per 1000 eligible beneficiaries. Secondary outcomes included the total number of CCM claims, total reimbursement, mean number of claims per beneficiary, and beneficiary characteristics independently associated with receiving CCM services. KEY
resultsOf the more than two million Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries in New England, almost 1.7 million were potentially eligible for CCM services. Among eligible beneficiaries, 10,951 (0.65%) had a CCM claim in 2015. Massachusetts had the highest penetration of CCM use (9.40 claims per 1000 eligible beneficiaries); Vermont had the lowest (0.54 claims per 1000 eligible beneficiaries). Mean reimbursement per physician was $1745.98. Age, race/ethnicity, dual-eligible status, income, number of chronic conditions, and state of residence were associated with receiving CCM services in an adjusted model.
conclusionsThe CCM code is likely underutilized in New England; the program may therefore not be achieving its intended goal of encouraging consistent, team-based chronic care management for Medicare's most complex beneficiaries. Or practices may be foregoing reimbursement for care coordination that they are already providing. Recently implemented revisions may improve uptake of CCM services; it will be important to compare our results with future utilization.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.