ArticleScientific reports2018
A simple model of mechanical effects to estimate metabolic cost of human walking.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- A least action principle for interceptive walking.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Mapping the Multidimensional Link Between Spatiotemporal Gait Features and Metabolic Cost in Older Adults.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mechanics-based estimation of metabolic cost of locomotion in rehabilitation: A narrative review.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Review
- Association of mitochondrial oxidative capacity with physical fitness in ageing: the Baltimore longitudinal study of ageing.Age and ageing · 2026Article
- Estimation of walking energy expenditure using a single sacrum-mounted IMU based on biomechanically-informed machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Passive knee flexion increases forward impulse of the trailing leg during the step-to-step transition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Biomechanical models in the lower-limb exoskeletons development: a review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Review
- Ground Reaction Forces and Joint Moments Predict Metabolic Cost in Physical Performance: Harnessing the Power of Artificial Neural Networks.Applied sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Estimating the mechanical cost of transport in human walking with a simple kinematic data-driven mechanical model.PloS one · 2024Article
- Why does the metabolic cost of walking increase on compliant substrates?Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2022Article
- Effects of vision on energy expenditure and kinematics during level walking.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Article
- Metabolically efficient walking assistance using optimized timed forces at the waist.Science robotics · 2022Article
- Women carry for less: body size, pelvis width, loading position and energetics.Evolutionary human sciences · 2022Article
- Impact of step length asymmetry on walking energetics in women with hip Osteoarthritis: A pilot study.Journal of biomechanics · 2021Article
- Deep reinforcement learning for modeling human locomotion control in neuromechanical simulation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2021Review
- Walking is regulated by environmental temperature.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Differences between joint-space and musculoskeletal estimations of metabolic rate time profiles.PLoS computational biology · 2020Article
- Rapid energy expenditure estimation for ankle assisted and inclined loaded walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2019Article
- An Overview on Principles for Energy Efficient Robot Locomotion.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2018Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Since the advent of energy measurement devices, gait experiments have shown that energetic economy has a large influence on human walking behavior. However, few cost models have attempted to capture the major energy components under comprehensive walking conditions. Here we present a simple but unified model that uses walking mechanics to estimate metabolic cost at different speeds and step lengths and for six other biomechanically-relevant gait experiments in literature. This includes at various gait postures (e.g. extra foot lift), anthropometric dimensions (e.g. added mass), and reduced gravity conditions, without the need for parameter tuning to design new gait trajectories. Our results suggest that the metabolic cost of walking can largely be explained by the linear combination of four costs-swing and torso dynamics, center of mass velocity redirection, ground clearance, and body weight support. The overall energetic cost is a tradeoff among these separable components, shaped by how they manifest under different walking conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.