SynthesisBMC public health2018
Household latrine utilization and its association with educational status of household heads in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The impact of access to water supply and sanitation on the prevalence of active trachoma in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Open defecation-free slippage and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Prevalence and factors associated with open defecation practices among household population in Tanzania.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Behavioral patterns in latrine use and handwashing in rural western Kenya: Age, time of day, and the role of perceived safety.PloS one · 2026Article
- Sustainable Latrine Utilization and Associated Factors Among Open Defecation Free Declared Villages in Ebinat District, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community Based Mixed Method Study Design.Environmental health insights · 2026Article
- Latrine utilization and associated factors among households in Menz Keya Gabreal District, North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2023: A mixed study approach.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Open Defecation Practice and Its Determinants Among Households Owned Toilet Facilities in Gambela Town, South West Ethiopia.Environmental health insights · 2024Article
- Contextual and psychosocial factors associated with latrine utilization in rural communities in Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Water, sanitation, and hygiene service inequalities and their associated factors among urban slums and rural communities in Eastern Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Household Access to Improved Latrine Utilization in Somalia: Health Demographic Survey (SHDS) 2020.Environmental health insights · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Open Defecation Practice and Associated Factors Among Households in Geshiyaro Project Implementation Sites in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Environmental health insights · 2024Article
- The effect of a health extension program on improving water, sanitation, and hygiene practices in rural Ethiopia.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Latrine Utilization and Associated Factors Among Rural Households in Southwest Ethiopia: Risk, Attitude, Norms, Ability, and Self-Regulation Behavioral Model.Environmental health insights · 2023Article
- Latrine Utilization and its Associated Factors in Urban Slums Dwellers of Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Environmental health insights · 2023Article
- Open defecation practice and its determinants among households in sub-Saharan Africa: pooled prevalence and multilevel analysis of 33 sub-Saharan Africa countries demographic and health survey.Tropical medicine and health · 2022Article
- Spatiotemporal distribution and determinants of open defecation among households in Ethiopia: A Mixed effect and spatial analysis.PloS one · 2022Article
- Latrine utilization and associated factors in East Gojjam Zone, North-West Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study.SAGE open medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEthiopia has been experiencing a high prevalence of communicable diseases, which resulted in high morbidity, mortality, and hospital admission rates. One of the highest contributing factors for this is lower level of latrine utilization. There had been significantly varying finding reports with regard to the level of latrine utilization and its association with education level from different pocket studies in the country. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of household latrine utilization and its association with education status of household heads, in Ethiopia using available studies.
methodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using available data from the international databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science direct, Cochrane library and unpublished reports. All observational studies reporting the prevalence of latrine utilization in Ethiopia were included. Four authors independently extracted all necessary data using a standardized data extraction format. STATA 13 statistical software was used to analyze the data. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I
resultsAfter reviewing of 1608 studies, 17 studies were finally included in our meta-analysis. The result of 16 studies revealed that the pooled prevalence of latrine utilization level in Ethiopia was 50.02% (95%CI: 40.23, 59.81%). The highest level (67.4%) of latrine utilization was reported from Southern Nations Nationality and People regional state, followed by Amhara regional state (50.1%). Participants who completed their high school and above education were more likely (OR: 1.79, 95%CI: 1.05, 3.05) to utilize latrine compared to those who did not attend formal education.
conclusionIn Ethiopia, only half of the households utilize latrine and the level of utilization has significant association with educational status.
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