ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2018
HIV testing history and access to treatment among migrants living with HIV in Europe.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- How do migrants living with HIV adhere to the HIV care process in high-income countries? A systematic review.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Post-migration HIV acquisition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2024Pooled it
- Community-Based Rapid Testing for HIV in Europe and Central Asia: A Narrative Review of Models, Effectiveness, and Implementation Challenges.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Real-world experience of barriers to diagnosis, early detection and disease management among migrants living with HIV in Spain: a qualitative study.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with HIV Testing Among Women of Reproductive Age in Liberia: A Cross-Sectional Study from the 2019/20 Demographic and Health Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- HIV in Latin American migrants in the UK: A neglected population in the 95-95-95 targets.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Control of HIV across the WHO European region: progress and remaining challenges.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Review
- Observational
- High proportion of post-migration HIV acquisition in migrant men who have sex with men receiving HIV care in the Paris region, and associations with social disadvantage and sexual behaviours: results of the ANRS-MIE GANYMEDE study, France, 2021 to 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- Determinants of HIV Testing Among Migrant Men Who Have Sex With Men from Sub-Saharan Africa and Other Regions Residing in 10 European Countries.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Barriers and enablers that influence the uptake of HIV testing among heterosexual migrants in the Netherlands.PloS one · 2024Article
- Late HIV diagnosis among migrant women living in Europe - a systematic review of barriers to HIV testing.IJID regions · 2023Review
- HIV testing uptake, enablers, and barriers among African migrants in China: A nationwide cross-sectional study.Journal of global health · 2022Article
- Increasing HIV early diagnosis by implementing an automated screening strategy in emergency departments.HIV medicine · 2022Observational
- HIV prevalence ratio of international migrants compared to their native-born counterparts: A systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- Test@work: evaluation of workplace HIV testing for construction workers using the RE-AIM framework.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Late presentation for HIV remains a major health issue in Spain: Results from a multicenter cohort study, 2004-2018.PloS one · 2021Article
- The role of mobility in sexual risk behaviour and HIV acquisition among sub-Saharan African migrants residing in two European cities.PloS one · 2020Article
- Delayed linkage to HIV care among asylum seekers in Quebec, Canada.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Estimating and projecting the number of new HIV diagnoses and incidence in Spectrum's case surveillance and vital registration tool.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 10 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionMigrants are overrepresented in the European HIV epidemic. We aimed to understand the barriers and facilitators to HIV testing and current treatment and healthcare needs of migrants living with HIV in Europe.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 57 HIV clinics in nine countries (Belgium, Germany, Greece, Italy, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland and United Kingdom), July 2013 to July 2015. HIV-positive patients were eligible for inclusion if they were as follows: 18 years or older; foreign-born residents and diagnosed within five years of recruitment. Questionnaires were completed electronically in one of 15 languages and linked to clinical records. Primary outcomes were access to primary care and previous negative HIV test. Data were analysed using random effects logistic regression. Outcomes of interest are presented for women, heterosexual men and gay/bisexual men.
resultsA total of 2093 respondents (658 women, 446 heterosexual men and 989 gay/bisexual men) were included. The prevalence of a previous negative HIV test was 46.7%, 43.4% and 82.0% for women, heterosexual and gay/bisexual men respectively. In multivariable analysis previous testing was positively associated with: receipt of post-migration antenatal care among women, permanent residency among heterosexual men and identifying as gay rather than bisexual among gay/bisexual men. Access to primary care was found to be high (>83%) in all groups and was strongly associated with country of residence. Late diagnosis was common for women and heterosexual men (60.8% and 67.1%, respectively) despite utilization of health services prior to diagnosis. Across all groups almost three-quarters of people on antiretrovirals had an HIV viral load <50 copies/mL.
conclusionsMigrants access healthcare in Europe and while many migrants had previously tested for HIV, that they went on to test positive at a later date suggests that opportunities for HIV prevention are being missed. Expansion of testing beyond sexual health and antenatal settings is still required and testing opportunities should be linked with combination prevention measures such as access to PrEP and treatment as prevention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.