Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30027497›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2018

The effect of NAD-299 and TCB-2 on learning and memory, hippocampal BDNF levels and amyloid plaques in Streptozotocin-induced memory deficits in male rats.

Simin Afshar, Siamak Shahidi, Ali Haeri Rohani, Alireza Komaki, Sara Soleimani Asl

RetractedAbstract readRetracted Publication
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychopharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Role of 5-HTBiomolecules · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Effects of psilocybin, the 5-HTPsychopharmacology · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. 5-HTClinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021
    Article
  17. Article
  18. The Chronic Treatment With 5-HTNeurochemical research · 2020
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Simin AfsharDepartment of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Siamak ShahidiNeurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. siamakshahidi@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8196-5223
Ali Haeri RohaniDepartment of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Alireza KomakiNeurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Sara Soleimani AslNeurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Hamedan University of Medical Sciences · IRIslamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch · IR

Funding

Hamadan University of Medical Sciences 9512177927
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function. The serotonergic system via the 5-HT1A receptor and 5-HT2A receptor is proposed to affect the cognitive process.

objectiveIn the present study, the effects of NAD-299 (5-HT1AR antagonist) and TCB-2 (5-HT2AR agonist) on learning and memory processes, hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, neuronal necrosis, and Aβ plaque production have been investigated on the intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced memory deficits in rats.

methodsFifty-four adult male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were divided into six groups (n = 9 in each group): control, sham-operated, AD (icv-STZ (3 mg/kg, 10 μl)), AD+NAD-299 (5 μg/1 μl icv for 30 days), AD+TCB-2 (5 μg/1 μl icv for 30 days), and AD+NAD-299 + TCB-2 (NAD-299 (5 μg/0.5 μl icv) and TCB-2 (5 μg/0.5 μl icv) for 30 days). Following the treatment period, rats were subjected to behavioral tests of learning and memory. Then, hippocampal BDNF, amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque, and neuronal loss were determined by ELISA Kit, Congo red staining, and Nissl staining, respectively.

resultsThe results of behavioral tests showed that icv-STZ injection decreased the discrimination index in the novel object recognition (NOR) test. In the passive avoidance learning (PAL) task, icv-STZ injection significantly decreased step-through latency (STLr) and increased time spent in dark compartment (TDC). Treatment with NAD-299, TCB-2, and NAD-299 + TCB-2 attenuated the STZ-induced memory impairment in both NOR and PAL tasks. icv-STZ induced a decrease in hippocampal BDNF levels and increased Aβ plaques production in the brain, whereas treatment with NAD-299, TCB-2, and NAD-299 + TCB-2 reduced Aβ plaques in the brain and increased the hippocampal BDNF level. Results of Nissl staining showed that icv-STZ injection increased neuronal loss in the hippocampus, while treatment with NAD-299, TCB-2, and NAD-299 + TCB-2 reduced hippocampal neurodegeneration.

conclusionThese findings suggest that 5-HT1AR blockade by NAD-299 and 5-HT2AR activation by TCB-2 improve cognitive dysfunction in icv-STZ-treated rats, and these drugs may potentially prevent the progression of AD.

Indexed as

AnimalsAvoidance LearningBenzopyransBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorBridged Bicyclo CompoundsCognitionDisease Models, AnimalHippocampusMaleMemory DisordersMethylaminesPlaque, AmyloidRandom AllocationRatsRats, WistarReceptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A(4-bromo-3,6-dimethoxybenzocyclobuten-1-yl)methylamineBdnf protein, ratBenzopyransBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorBridged Bicyclo CompoundsMethylaminesReceptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2ArobalzotanStreptozocin5-HT1A5-HT2AAlzheimer’s diseaseAmyloid plaqueBDNFCognitionStreptozotocin

Identifiers

PMID30027497
OpenAlexW2884969857

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.