ArticleNeurobiology of aging2018
Lifestyle activities in mid-life contribute to cognitive reserve in late-life, independent of education, occupation, and late-life activities.
Article in Neurobiology of aging, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Modifiable lifestyle factors and cognitive reserve: A systematic review of current evidence.Ageing research reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Brain structure in the cingulate cortex and locus coeruleus in late life is associated with engagement in complex mental activities across the life span.Neurobiology of aging · 2026Article
- The impact of education on dementia: Evidence from compulsory schooling reforms in England.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- The Contribution of Cognitive Reserve to Mental Health Against Adversarial Life Events in a Large Cross-Sectional Sample of Japanese People.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2026Article
- Protecting the aging mind: how cognitive reserve and lifestyle factors relate to executive functions and long-term memory.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Article
- Shaping the cognitive reserve: the role of lifelong enrichment and education in the Alzheimer's disease continuum.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Pathway analysis of cognitive resilience factors and cognitive function in the Long Life Family Study (LLFS).Neuropsychology · 2026Observational
- Cognitive reserve and adaptive resilience: a conceptual analysis of a cross-species framework for neuropsychology and cognitive aging.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Associations between mid-life social relationships and the risk of incident dementia: The ARIC study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Social Activities and Cognitive Functioning Across Mid- and Late Life: Evidence From China.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Association Between Lifestyle at Different Life Periods and Brain Integrity in Older Adults.Neurology · 2025Observational
- Mediation of the association between education and dementia by occupational complexity, income, health behaviours and health outcomes.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Analysing Differences in Cognitive Health, Physical Fitness and Brain Activity in Older Women With and Without MCI.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Social support may buffer the effect ofJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Article
- Associations between sex and lifestyle activities with cognitive reserve in mid-life adults with genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Lifestyle factors associated with episodic memory in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from a 9-year longitudinal study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Factors Affecting Resilience and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.Annals of neurology · 2024Review
- Which intellectual activities are related to cognitive reserve? Introduction and testing a three-dimensional model.Psychological research · 2024Article
- Choir singing is associated with enhanced structural connectivity across the adult lifespan.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that mid-life intellectual, physical, and social activities contribute to cognitive reserve (CR). Two hundred five individuals (196 with magnetic resonance imaging) aged 66-88 years from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (www.cam-can.com) were studied, with cognitive ability and structural brain health measured as fluid IQ and total gray matter volume, respectively. Mid-life activities (MAs) were measured using the Lifetime of Experiences Questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression found that MAs made a unique contribution to late-life cognitive ability independent of education, occupation, and late-life activities. Crucially, MAs moderated the relationship between late-life cognitive ability and brain health, with the cognitive ability of people with higher MA less dependent on their brain structure, consistent with the concept of CR. In conclusion, MAs contribute uniquely to CR. The modifiability of these activities has implications for public health initiatives aimed at dementia prevention.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.