SynthesisPloS one2018
Therapeutic effects of recombinant human interleukin 2 as adjunctive immunotherapy against tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of low-dose IL-2 in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2020Trial
- IFN-γ and IL-17 elicit synergistic anti-mycobacterial responses by inhibiting coronin-1A retention.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Identification and validation of NETs-related biomarkers in active tuberculosis through bioinformatics analysis and machine learning algorithms.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Beyond the Clinic: The Activation of Diverse Cellular and Humoral Factors Shapes the Immunological Status of Patients with Active Tuberculosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Adjunctive Zoledronate + IL-2 administrations enhance anti-tuberculosis Vγ2Vδ2 T-effector populations, and improve treatment outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosisEmerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- Recombinant Human Lactoferrin Reduces Inflammation and Increases Fluoroquinolone Penetration to Primary Granulomas During Mycobacterial Infection of C57Bl/6 Mice.Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis · 2022Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Adjunctive Recombinant Human Interleukin-2 for Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of tropical medicine · 2022Review
- Host-directed therapy to combat mycobacterial infections.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- HAMLET a human milk protein-lipid complex induces a pro-inflammatory phenotype of myeloid cells.European journal of immunology · 2021Article
- The Research Progress in Immunotherapy of Tuberculosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Roles of IL-2 in bridging adaptive and innate immunity, and as a tool for cellular immunotherapy.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2020Review
- Designing a new generation of expression toolkits for engineering of green microalgae; robust production of human interleukin-2.BioImpacts : BI · 2020Article
- Host Inflammatory Biomarkers of Disease Severity in Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- IL-2 Restores T-Cell Dysfunction Induced by PersistentFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Scutellarin Exerts Hypoglycemic and Renal Protective Effects in db/db Mice via the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInterleukin 2 (IL-2) is a cytokine secreted by activated T cells. Studies exploring recombinant human interleukin 2 (rhuIL-2) as an adjunctive immunotherapeutic agent to treat tuberculosis (TB) have shown variable results; however, the true therapeutic efficacy of rhuIL-2 administration in TB patients has not been determined.
methodsA systematic review to identify publications exploring the association between rhuIL-2-based immunotherapy for TB and outcomes (sputum culture conversion, sputum smear conversion, radiographic changes, and leukocyte phenotype changes) in patients with pulmonary TB published before June 8, 2018 was performed. Data were extracted and analyzed by two investigators independently.
resultsA total of 2,272 records were screened. Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comprising 656 pulmonary TB patients were finally included. The rhuIL-2 treatment could significantly improve the sputum culture conversion of TB (RR, 1.18; 95%CI: 1.03-1.36; I2 < 0.01; P = 0.019) after at least 3 months of anti-TB therapy and the sputum smear conversion of TB during anti-TB therapy. Treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with rhuIL-2 could improve the sputum culture conversion (RR, 1.28; 95%CI: 1.05-1.57; I2 < 0.01; P = 0.016) and smear conversion (RR, 1.28; 95%CI: 1.09-1.51; I2 < 0.01; P = 0.003) at the end of anti-TB treatment. Meanwhile, rhuIL-2-based adjunctive immunotherapy could expand the proliferation and conversion of CD4+ and natural killer (NK) cells. Three of the included studies suggested that radiographic changes could not be improved by the use of rhuIL-2 as adjunctive immunotherapy. Publication bias did not exist.
conclusionsBased on this first meta-analysis, rhuIL-2-based adjunctive immunotherapy appears to expand the proliferation and conversion of CD4+ and NK cells, as well as improve the sputum culture (at 3 months and later) and smear conversion of TB patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.