SynthesisPloS one2018
Effects of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis cotton on insecticide use, heliothine counts, plant damage, and cotton yield: A meta-analysis, 1996-2015.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- From lab to law: emerging applications, potential benefits, evolving regulatory framework and challenges for engineered probiotics.Microbial cell factories · 2026Review
- Optimizing Rearing ofInsects · 2026Article
- Resistance to Vip3Aa: A Growing Threat with Unclear Mechanisms and Management Implications.Insects · 2025Review
- Evaluation of GS-omega/kappa-Hxtx-Hv1a and Bt toxins against Bt-resistant and -susceptible strains of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith).Pest management science · 2025Article
- Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome ofMitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources · 2024Article
- Analyzing public sentiment toward GMOs via social media between 2019-2021.GM crops & food · 2023Article
- Magnitude and Extent ofInsects · 2023Article
- Resistance Allele Frequency ofInsects · 2023Article
- Molecular cloning and functional characterization of the promoter of a novelFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Cry1Ba1-mediated toxicity of transgenicFrontiers in insect science · 2023Article
- Genetic Modification ofFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Article
- Effectiveness of the natural resistance management refuge for Bt-cotton is dominated by local abundance of soybean and maize.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Exploitation of NovelFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Multiple Known Mechanisms and a Possible Role of an Enhanced Immune System in Bt-Resistance in a Field Population of the Bollworm,International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Demographic Performance ofToxins · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The primary management tactic for lepidopteran pests of cotton in the United States of America (USA) is the use of transgenic cotton that produces Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) toxins. The primary target pests of this technology are Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and Heliothis virescens (F.) in the eastern and central Cotton Belt of the USA. Concerns over the evolution of resistance in H. zea to Bt toxins and scrutiny of the necessity of Bt crops has escalated. We reviewed published and unpublished data from field trials of Bt cotton in the eastern and central Cotton Belt of the USA through 2015 to evaluate the effectiveness of Bt cotton (Bollgard, Bollgard II, WideStrike, WideStrike 3, and TwinLink). Bt cotton reduced insecticide usage, reduced heliothine pest numbers and damage, and provided a yield benefit, but Bollgard II and WideStrike efficacy declined in the Midsouth over the period evaluated. In the Southeastern region, heliothine damage remained constant through 2015, but yield benefits declined from 2010 until 2015. Resistance of H. zea to several Bt toxins is the most plausible explanation for the observed changes in Bt cotton efficacy. The introduction of new Bt toxins such as found in Widestrike 3 and Twinlink may preserve the benefits of Bt crops. However, while both Widestrike 3 and Twinlink had less damage than Widestrike, damage levels of both were similar to Bollgard II.
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Registered trials
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