Laparoscopic suture training curricula and techniques.

With the development and ubiquitous use of minimally invasive surgery, the advanced laparoscopic skills such as suture is essential for performing gastrointestinal procedures. However, the steep learning curve and lack of standardized training make most residents underprepared for laparoscopic suture. Moreover, the current simulation-based training is inadequate for trainees to master these advanced skills. Thus, there is a need for laparoscopic suture training modeled with cognitive knowledge, approachable techniques and standardized steps. Here, we present a suture training curriculum with video demonstration. In this study, we developed a suture training curriculum, which are divided into two categories depending on its difficulty and application. Basic techniques are designed for novice to master the basic suture skills, and it also shortens the learning curve of advanced suture techniques. Advanced techniques focused on the application of suture in specific circumstances. Also, it could prepare residents for more complex procedures. In order to increase the efficacy of suture training, we recommend a learning method similar to Peyton's four-step approach, personalized video feedback and spaced learning in our curricula. This article demonstrates the various laparoscopic techniques and their applications from simple to complex, with a view to help residents in training. Also, the training curricula and recommendations will further help residents to improve efficiently. Thus, we recommend to incorporate the curricula into suture training courses and surgical programs.