Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30022801›Full record

ReviewStroke and vascular neurology2018

Cardioembolic stroke: everything has changed.

J David Spence

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Stroke and vascular neurology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. [Prognostic analysis of anticoagulation therapy in elderly patients with cardioembolic stroke].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2026
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  20. Management of asymptomatic carotid stenosis.Annals of translational medicine · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

J David SpenceStroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7478-1098
Western University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Historically, because of the difficulty of using warfarin safely and effectively, many patients with cardioembolic stroke who should have been anticoagulated were instead given ineffective antiplatelet therapy (or no antithrombotic therapy). With the arrival of new oral anticoagulants that are not significantly more likely than aspirin to cause severe haemorrhage, everything has changed. Because antiplatelet agents are much less effective in preventing cardioembolic stroke, it is now more prudent to anticoagulate patients in whom cardioembolic stroke is strongly suspected. Recent advances include the recognition that intermittent atrial fibrillation is better detected with more prolonged monitoring of the cardiac rhythm, and that percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) may reduce the risk of stroke. However, because in most patients with stroke and PFO the PFO is incidental, this should be reserved for patients in whom paradoxical embolism is likely. A high shunt grade on transcranial Doppler saline studies, and clinical clues to paradoxical embolism, can help in appropriate selection of patients for percutaneous closure. For patients with atrial fibrillation who cannot be anticoagulated, ablation of the left atrial appendage is an emerging option. It is also increasingly recognised that high levels of homocysteine, often due to undiagnosed metabolic deficiency of vitamin B

Indexed as

Cardiac CatheterizationAnticoagulantsAtrial FibrillationClinical Decision-MakingEmbolic StrokeFactor Xa InhibitorsFibrinolytic AgentsForamen Ovale, PatentHumansPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTreatment OutcomeWarfarinAnticoagulantsFactor Xa InhibitorsFibrinolytic AgentsPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsWarfarin

Identifiers

PMID30022801
PMCPMC6047338
OpenAlexW2790111212

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.