ReviewNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2019
Sex differences in stress reactivity in arousal and attention systems.
Review in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Change in prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the two years following trauma: a meta-analytic study.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2022Pooled it
- How Suppressed Anger Can Become an Illness: A Qualitative Systematic Review of the Experiences and Perspectives of Hwabyung Patients in Korea.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- No changes in triple network engagement following (combined) noradrenergic and glucocorticoid stimulation in healthy men.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2024Trial
- Sleep quality is associated with default mode and salience network connectivity differently across age and sex.Neurobiology of aging · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Transitions Between Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms and Associations with Substance Use among US Young Adults, 2016-2023.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Acetate enhances long-term memory in female mice by sex-, context-, and brain region-specific epigenetic and transcriptional remodeling.Science signaling · 2026Article
- Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: Impact on Neuroimmune Function in the Stress Response and Pain.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Prognostic prediction in schizophrenia using the Anderson-Gill time-dependent Cox model: a cohort study in a less-developed region of Southwest China.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Valence-Driven Cognitive Flexibility: Neurochemical and Circuit-Level Insights from Animal Models and Their Relevance to Schizophrenia.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Relationship between biological sex and the endocrine stress response following a binge-like dose of alcohol.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Stress, Burnout and Study-Related Behavior in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Analysis Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Tracking conditioned fear in pair-housed mice using deep learning and real-time cue delivery.Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
- Acute stress causes sex-specific changes to ventral subiculum synapses, circuitry, and anxiety-like behavior.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Neuroendocrine responses and coupling to laboratory-induced stress in problem gambling and heavy smoking.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Biomarkers and Mental Disorders: A Relevance Analysis Using a Random Forest Algorithm.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Regulation of behavioral responses to single prolonged stress in male and female rats: Role of PACAP.Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
- Differential brainstem connectivity according to sex and menopausal status in healthy male and female individuals.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Fading Blue: Exploring the Causes of Locus Coeruleus Damage Across the Lifespan.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Community crime and safety: An investigation of gender differences in the daily stress process.Journal of community psychology · 2025Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Women are more likely than men to suffer from psychiatric disorders with hyperarousal symptoms, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression. In contrast, women are less likely than men to be diagnosed with schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which share attentional impairments as a feature. Stressful events exacerbate symptoms of the aforementioned disorders. Thus, researchers are examining whether sex differences in stress responses bias women and men towards different psychopathology. Here we review the preclinical literature suggesting that, compared to males, females are more vulnerable to stress-induced hyperarousal, while they are more resilient to stress-induced attention deficits. Specifically described are sex differences in receptors for the stress neuropeptide, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), that render the locus coeruleus arousal system of females more vulnerable to stress and less adaptable to CRF hypersecretion, a condition found in patients with PTSD and depression. Studies on the protective effects of ovarian hormones against CRF-induced deficits in sustained attention are also detailed. Importantly, we highlight how comparing males and females in preclinical studies can lead to the development of novel therapeutics to improve treatments for psychiatric disorders in both women and men.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.