Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30018278›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2018

Paeonol-Loaded Ethosomes as Transdermal Delivery Carriers: Design, Preparation and Evaluation.

Hongdan Ma, Dongyan Guo, Yu Fan, Jing Wang, Jiangxue Cheng, Xiaofei Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. GinExtraMed: Focus onPharmaceutics · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
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  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Lipid-Based Nanovesicular Drug Delivery Systems.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
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  17. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hongdan MaShaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China. mahongdancy@163.com.
Dongyan GuoShaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China. xmc2051080@163.com.
Yu FanShaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China. fans95950yu@163.com.
Jing WangShaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China. wangjing19890126@126.com.
Jiangxue ChengShaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China. cjx511@sntcm.edu.cn.
Xiaofei ZhangShaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China. zhangxiaofei830@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Paeonol exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic as well as pain-relieving activities. However, its intrinsic properties, such as low water solubility, poor stability and low oral bioavailability, restrict its clinical application. The current study aimed to optimize paeonol-loaded ethosomal formulation and characterize it in terms of encapsulation efficiency (EE), vesicle size (VS), zeta potential (ZP) and polydispersity index (PDI), in addition to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) studies. Here, paeonol-loaded ethosomes were prepared by the injection method and optimized by the single-factor test and central composite design-response surface methodology. The optimized paeonol-loaded ethosomes had an EE of 84.33 ± 1.34%, VS of 120.2 ± 1.3 nm, negative charge of -16.8 ± 0.36 mV, and PDI of 0.131 ± 0.006. Ethosomes showed a spherical morphology under the transmission electron microscope (TEM). DSC, XRD and FT-IR results indicated that paeonol was successfully incorporated into the ethosomes. In-vitro transdermal absorption and skin retention of paeonol from paeonol-loaded ethosomes were 138.58 ± 9.60 µg/cm² and 52.60 ± 7.90 µg/cm², respectively. With reasonable skin tolerance, ethosomes could be a promising vehicle for transdermal delivery of paeonol.

Indexed as

AcetophenonesAnti-Inflammatory AgentsSkin AbsorptionAdministration, CutaneousAnimalsLiposomesMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySkinAcetophenonesAnti-Inflammatory AgentsLiposomespaeonolencapsulation efficiencyethosomeoptimized formulationpaeonoltransdermal deliveryzeta potential

Identifiers

PMID30018278
PMCPMC6100239

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.