ReviewThe oncologist2018
A Case of Nivolumab-Induced Bullous Pemphigoid: Review of Dermatologic Toxicity Associated with Programmed Cell Death Protein-1/Programmed Death Ligand-1 Inhibitors and Recommendations for Diagnosis and Management.
Review in The oncologist, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced bullous pemphigoid: a systematic review of clinical characteristics and outcomes based on case reports.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) 2020 clinical practice recommendations for the management of severe dermatological toxicities from checkpoint inhibitors.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2020Guideline
- Skin health in oncology: evidence-based skin care for cancer patients.The oncologist · 2026Review
- A Case of Nivolumab-Induced Bullous Pemphigoid-Successfully Treated with Rituximab.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2026Article
- Bullous Pemphigoid in Patients with Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Complicated by Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Case Report of Two Patients and Review of Literature.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Review
- From Molecular Insights to Clinical Perspectives in Drug-Associated Bullous Pemphigoid.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- CD4 T cells and toxicity from immune checkpoint blockade.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- Article
- Immunotherapy in Elderly Patients Affected by Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Two rare cases of bullous pemphigoid associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.BMJ case reports · 2022Article
- A Retrospective, Single-Institution Experience of Bullous Pemphigoid as an Adverse Effect of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Cancers · 2022Article
- Emerging Management Approach for the Adverse Events of Immunotherapy of Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- "Skin rashes" and immunotherapy in melanoma: distinct dermatologic adverse events and implications for therapeutic management.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Article
- Cutaneous Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Review Article.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Review
- Bullous Pemphigoid in Patients Receiving Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors and Psoriatic Patients-Focus on Clinical and Histopathological Variation.Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- T cell characteristics associated with toxicity to immune checkpoint blockade in patients with melanoma.Nature medicine · 2022Article
- A Case of Systemic Severe Bullous Pemphigoid Caused by Long-Term Sintilimab Treatment for Renal Cell Carcinoma.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2022Article
- Bullous pemphigoid in diabetic patients treated by gliptins: the other side of the coin.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Review
- A Rare Case of Bullous Pemphigoid Secondary to Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy: A Tense Situation.Cureus · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a highly effective treatment for numerous cancers. Use of checkpoint inhibitors against various molecules including programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 have become widespread in clinical practice. Compared with conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy is associated with a unique set of immune reactions known collectively as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Of known irAEs, cutaneous toxicity is among the most frequently observed in patients treated with immunotherapy. Although often mild, dermatologic toxicity can occasionally be high grade and potentially life-threatening. In this article, we report a case of PD-1 inhibitor-induced bullous pemphigoid-a serious adverse event that has been increasingly observed with use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. We will also review diagnosis and management of low-grade cutaneous irAEs and bullous disease with checkpoint inhibitors. KEY POINTS: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-induced bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a rare but potentially serious dermatologic toxicity associated with checkpoint inhibitorsIn patients with pruritus or rash that is refractory to topical steroids, physicians should have a greater index of suspicion for higher-grade cutaneous immune-related adverse events.There is no standardized treatment algorithm for management of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-induced BP, but patients frequently require topical and systemic steroids.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.