ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2018
Preparation of ginsenoside compound-K mixed micelles with improved retention and antitumor efficacy.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bioactive Constituents of Ginseng in Cancer Therapy: Molecular Mechanisms, Translational Potential, and Advanced Delivery Strategies.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Unlocking ginsenosides' therapeutic power with polymer-based delivery systems: current applications and future perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Enhanced anti-glioma activity of annonaceous acetogenins based on a novel liposomal co-delivery system with ginsenoside Rh2.Drug delivery · 2024Article
- Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cancers of hepatobiliary system: from clinical evidence to drug discovery.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Anticancer properties and pharmaceutical applications of ginsenoside compound K: A review.Chemical biology & drug design · 2022Review
- Anti-cancer effect and potential microRNAs targets of ginsenosides against breast cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Ginsenosides emerging as both bifunctional drugs and nanocarriers for enhanced antitumor therapies.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2021Review
- Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Pharmacokinetics and Intestinal Metabolism of Compound K in Rats and Mice.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Lipid Membranes as Key Targets for the Pharmacological Actions of Ginsenosides.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
- Functional Mechanism of Ginsenoside Compound K on Tumor Growth and Metastasis.Integrative cancer therapiesReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionGinsenoside compound K (CK) has effects on cell-cycle regulation, tumor growth inhibition, and apoptosis induction. However, it has limited applications in clinical settings because of its low solubility and poor absorption.
methodsTo overcome these limitations, we aimed to develop a mixed micellar system composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine polyethylene glycol 2000 (DSPE PEG 2000; DP). CK encapsulated in PC/DP mixed micelles had enhanced solubility, permeability, and retention effects.
resultsCompared to free CK, the CK PC/DP micellar system exhibited improved anticancer effects in vitro, including cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and anti-invasion in human lung carcinoma A549 cells. The significant proapoptotic effect was reflected by increased chromosomal condensation, annexin V/propidium iodide staining, and related protein expression. In vitro cellular uptake and optical mouse imaging in vivo suggested that the improved antitumor effect was caused primarily by enhanced uptake and tumor targeting. Furthermore, an in vivo antitumor efficacy study indicated that the CK mixed micelles significantly inhibited tumor growth, thereby decreasing tumor volume at the end of the experiment as compared with that in the control mice. Histological analysis confirmed the antitumor effect with low toxicity.
conclusionThe PC/DP micellar system was an effective drug delivery system for CK in tumor therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.