ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2018
Severe hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a melanoma patient treated with ipilimumab + nivolumab.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following pembrolizumab and bevacizumab combination therapy for cervical cancer: a case report and systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Systemic inflammatory syndromes as life-threatening side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors: case report and systematic review of the literature.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Pooled it
- Harnessing the Gut Microbiome in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Routes to Personalized Medicine-A Systematic Review.Technology in cancer research & treatmentPooled it
- Effectiveness and safety profile of pembrolizumab for metastatic urothelial cancer: A retrospective single-center analysis in Japan.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Trial
- Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis induced by radio-chemo-immunotherapy: a case report.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Systematic Review.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2026Review
- Article
- MicroRNA changes with macro potential contribute to secondary immunodeficiency in chronic lymphocytic leukemia during epstein barr virus reactivation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Preoperative pembrolizumab‑induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a patient with breast cancer: A case report.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Following Immune Checkpoint Therapy (ICT).Case reports in oncological medicine · 2025Article
- Tislelizumab-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a patient with microsatellite instability-high colon cancer and coexisting systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Associated with Immunological Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Pharmacovigilance Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Treatment-related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to atezolizumab: a case report and review of the literature.Journal of medical case reports · 2022Review
- Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Patient With Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Journal of hematology · 2022Article
- PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Patients for Acute Myeloid Leukemia after HSCT Relapse Resulted in Severe GVHD and sHLH.Case reports in hematology · 2022Article
- Suppression of CCT3 inhibits melanoma cell proliferation by downregulating CDK1 expression.Journal of Cancer · 2022Article
- Understanding neutropenia secondary to intrinsic or iatrogenic immune dysregulation.Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2021Article
- Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to nivolumab/ipilimumab in a renal cell cancer patient-A case report.Clinical case reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTreatment of metastatic melanoma patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors is an important standard of care. Side effects are due to immune activation, can affect virtually all organ systems, and are occasionally severe. Although hematologic toxicity has been reported, we present a case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) due to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. CASE PRESENTATION: A patient with metastatic melanoma was treated with one course of ipilimumab + nivolumab and presented 3 weeks later with severe anemia and hyperferritinemia. A bone marrow biopsy revealed necrotic tumor cells, infiltrating T cells, and hemophagocytosis. The patient was treated with high-dose steroids; 12 months later, the patient remains off all therapy and in complete remission of both HLH and metastatic melanoma.
conclusionsThe hemophagocytic syndromes are attributable to dysregulated immune activation and share pathophysiologic mechanisms with immune activation from checkpoint inhibitors. Increasing use of regimens that include immune checkpoint inhibition require vigilant monitoring for immune-activating side effects as they can occasionally be life threatening, as in this case of HLH.
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