ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2018
Heterogeneity of Orientia tsutsugamushi genotypes in field-collected trombiculid mites from wild-caught small mammals in Thailand.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neglected rickettsial diseases in Southeast Asia: Twenty-five years of progress in surveillance, diagnostics, and clinical research.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Leptotrombidium imphalum Chiggers as Vector for Scrub Typhus in Human Settlements, India, 2022-2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A New Gilliam Genotypic Variant ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- A Novel Genotype ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Molecular detection of Orientia tsutsugamushi in ectoparasites & their small mammal hosts captured from scrub typhus endemic areas in Madurai district, India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Article
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- Seroprevalence ofVeterinary world · 2023Article
- Molecular diagnosis and genotyping ofFrontiers in tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Molecular Surveillance for Vector-Borne Bacteria in Rodents and Tree Shrews of Peninsular Malaysia Oil Palm Plantations.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Eco-epidemiology of rodent-associated trombiculid mites and infection with Orientia spp. in Southern Chile.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Not OnlyPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Mixed genotypes of Orientia tsutsugamushi in conserved genes and a single immune-dominant tsa56 genotype discovered from a patient with scrub typhus in Hainan Island, China: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Genotypic Characterization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Orientia tsutsugamushi dynamics in vectors and hosts: ecology and risk factors for foci of scrub typhus transmission in northern Thailand.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Targeted capture and sequencing of Orientia tsutsugamushi genomes from chiggers and humans.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Screening and genotyping of Orientia tsutsugamushi from field-collected on-host chiggers (Acari: Prostigmata) recovered from a positive scrub typhus locality in Kelantan, Malaysia.Experimental & applied acarology · 2021Article
- A Brief History of the Major Rickettsioses in the Asia-Australia-Pacific Region: A Capstone Review for the Special Issue ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2020Review
- Epidemiological Characteristics of Rodents and Chiggers with Orientia Tsutsugamushi in the Republic of Korea.The Korean journal of parasitology · 2020Article
- Origins, Importance and Genetic Stability of the Prototype Strains Gilliam, Karp and Kato ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Trombiculid mites are the vectors of scrub typhus, with infected larval mites (chiggers) transmitting the causative agent, Orientia tsutsugamushi, during feeding. Co-existence of multiple O. tsutsugamushi strains within infected mites has previously been reported in naturally infected, laboratory-reared mite lines using molecular methods to characterize the 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA) gene. In the current study, more advanced next-generation sequencing technology was used to reveal the heterogeneity of O. tsutsugamushi genotypes in field-collected trombiculid mites from rodents and small mammals in scrub typhus-endemic areas of Thailand. Twenty-eight trombiculid mites collected from 10 small mammals were positive for O. tsutsugamushi, corresponding to a prevalence rate of 0.7% within the mite population. Twenty-four of the infected mites were Leptotrombidium spp., indicating that this genus is the main vector for O. tsutsugamushi transmission in Thailand. In addition, O. tsutsugamushi was detected in the mite genera Ascoschoengastia, Blankaartia, Gahrliepia, and Lorillatum. Of the 10 infested small animal hosts, six had 2-10 infected mites feeding at the time of collection. Deep sequencing was used to characterize mixed infections (two to three O. tsutsugamushi genotypes within an individual mite), and 5 of the 28 infected mites (17.9%) contained mixed infections. Additionally, 56-kDa TSA gene sequence analysis revealed identical bacterial genotypes among co-feeding mites with single or mixed infections. These results suggest that co-feeding transmission may occur during the feeding process, and could explain the occurrence of mixed infections in individual mites, as well as the recovery of multiple infected mites from the same host. This study also revealed highly diverse within-host O. tsutsugamushi genotypes. The occurrence of multiple O. tsutsugamushi genotypes within individual mites has important implications, and could provide a mechanism for pathogen evolution/diversification in the mite vector.
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