SynthesisCardiovascular research2018
Immunomodulatory interventions in myocardial infarction and heart failure: a systematic review of clinical trials and meta-analysis of IL-1 inhibition.
Synthesis in Cardiovascular research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting Inflammation Across the Myocardial Infarction Continuum: Biomarkers, Imaging, and Emerging Therapies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- PAF Triggered Pyroptotic NETosis Aggravates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Complosome Activation after Myocardial Infarction in a Murine Model of Permanent LAD Ligation.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Article
- CD14 Blockade Modulates Macrophage-Mediated Immunological Injury in a Translational Model of Reperfused ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2025Article
- Influence of systemic immunoinflammatory index on major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease with heart failure as assessed by propensity score matching.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Polarized macrophages modulate cardiac structure and contractility under hypoxia in novel immuno-heart on a chip.APL bioengineering · 2025Article
- Insights Into Heart-Tumor Interactions in Heart Failure.Circulation research · 2025Review
- Giant Coronary Pseudoaneurysm Due to Behçet's Disease.JACC. Case reports · 2025Article
- Anti-inflammatory Therapies for Ischemic Heart Disease.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- The Immune System, An Arrow into the Heart. Principles of Cardioimmunology, An Emerging Branch in Medicine.Current vascular pharmacology · 2025Review
- Current understanding and management of cardiovascular involvement in rheumatic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Use of Statins in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Current Evidence and Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Upregulation of CIRP by its agonist prevents the development of heart failure in myocardial infarction rats.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Article
- miRNA-146a-5p Inhibits Hypoxia-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis Through EndMT.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2024Article
- Effect of pentoxifylline on endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in STEMI patients.Future science OA · 2024Article
- Investigation of adherence to DASH diet components and reduction of heart failure risk in adults: A case-control study.ARYA atherosclerosis · 2024Article
- Mitigating the risk of flow deterioration by deferring stent optimization in STEMI patients with large thrombus burden: Insights from a prospective cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Article
- Extracellular Matrix/Glycopeptide Hybrid Hydrogel as an Immunomodulatory Niche for Endogenous Cardiac Repair after Myocardial Infarction.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Targeting neuro-immune systems to achieve cardiac tissue repair following myocardial infarction: A review of therapeutic approaches from in-vivo preclinical to clinical studies.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2023Review
- Inflammageing and Cardiovascular System: Focus on Cardiokines and Cardiac-Specific Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Following a myocardial infarction (MI), the immune system helps to repair ischaemic damage and restore tissue integrity, but excessive inflammation has been implicated in adverse cardiac remodelling and development towards heart failure (HF). Pre-clinical studies suggest that timely resolution of inflammation may help prevent HF development and progression. Therapeutic attempts to prevent excessive post-MI inflammation in patients have included pharmacological interventions ranging from broad immunosuppression to immunomodulatory approaches targeting specific cell types or factors with the aim to maintain beneficial aspects of the early post-MI immune response. These include the blockade of early initiators of inflammation including reactive oxygen species and complement, inhibition of mast cell degranulation and leucocyte infiltration, blockade of inflammatory cytokines, and inhibition of adaptive B and T-lymphocytes. Herein, we provide a systematic review on post-MI immunomodulation trials and a meta-analysis of studies targeting the inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1. Despite an enormous effort into a significant number of clinical trials on a variety of targets, a striking heterogeneity in study population, timing and type of treatment, and highly variable endpoints limits the possibility for meaningful meta-analyses. To conclude, we highlight critical considerations for future studies including (i) the therapeutic window of opportunity, (ii) immunological effects of routine post-MI medication, (iii) stratification of the highly diverse post-MI patient population, (iv) the potential benefits of combining immunomodulatory with regenerative therapies, and at last (v) the potential side effects of immunotherapies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.