ArticleThe journal of headache and pain2018
Chronic and intermittent administration of systemic nitroglycerin in the rat induces an increase in the gene expression of CGRP in central areas: potential contribution to pain processing.
Article in The journal of headache and pain, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- An underrepresented majority: A systematic review utilizing allodynic criteria to examine the present scarcity of discrete animal models for episodic migraine.Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2021Pooled it
- Cochlear Functional Changes and CGRP Modulation in a Chronic Nitroglycerin Migraine-Like Rat Model.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in the spinal cord contributes to peripheral hypersensitivity in a nitroglycerin-induced migraine model.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses Identify Acupuncture-Associated Changes in Gut Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and TNC Gene Expression in Chronic Migraine Rats.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Zolmitriptan niosomal transdermal patches: combating migraine via epigenetic and endocannabinoid pathways and reversal of migraine hypercoagulability.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- Activation of δ-opioid receptors blocks allodynia in a model of headache induced by PACAP.British journal of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Intranasal administration of recombinant human BDNF as a potential therapy for some primary headaches.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Models of Trigeminal Activation: Is There an Animal Model of Migraine?Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- The potent analgesia of intrathecal 2R, 6R-HNK via TRPA1 inhibition in LF-PENS-induced chronic primary pain model.The journal of headache and pain · 2023Article
- Inflammatory Orofacial Pain Activates Peptidergic Neurons and Upregulates the Oxytocin Receptor Expression in Trigeminal Ganglion.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Duality in response of intracranial vessels to nitroglycerin revealed in rats by imaging photoplethysmography.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Activity of P2X and TRPV1 Receptors in Rat Meningeal Afferents of the Trigeminal Nerve.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- CGRP-dependent sensitization of PKC-δ positive neurons in central amygdala mediates chronic migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Article
- PACAP signaling is not involved in GTN- and levcromakalim-induced hypersensitivity in mouse models of migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Article
- Quercetin Attenuates Nitroglycerin-Induced Migraine Headaches by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Modulation of Glia Activation by TRPA1 Antagonism in Preclinical Models of Migraine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A c-Fos activation map in nitroglycerin/levcromakalim-induced models of migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Article
- Migraine and peripheral pain models show differential alterations in neuronal complexity.Headache · 2022Article
- Hyperhomocysteinemia Increases Cortical Excitability and Aggravates Mechanical Hyperalgesia and Anxiety in a Nitroglycerine-Induced Migraine Model in Rats.Biomolecules · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCalcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) is a key neuropeptide involved in the activation of the trigeminovascular system and it is likely related to migraine chronification. Here, we investigated the role of CGRP in an animal model that mimics the chronic migraine condition via repeated and intermittent nitroglycerin (NTG) administration. We also evaluated the modulatory effect of topiramate on this experimental paradigm. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with NTG (5 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle, every 2 days over a 9-day period (5 total injections). A group of animals was injected with topiramate (30 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline every day for 9 days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration of NTG or vehicle, animals underwent tail flick test and orofacial Von Frey test. Rats were subsequently sacrificed to evaluate c-Fos and CGRP gene expression in medulla-pons region, cervical spinal cord and trigeminal ganglia.
resultsNTG administration induced spinal hyperalgesia and orofacial allodynia, together with a significant increase in the expression of CGRP and c-Fos genes in trigeminal ganglia and central areas. Topiramate treatment prevented NTG-induced changes by reversing NTG-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia, and inhibiting CGRP and c-Fos gene expression in all areas evaluated.
conclusionsThese findings point to the role of CGRP in the processes underlying migraine chronification and suggest a possible interaction with gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) and glutamate transmission to induce/maintain central sensitization and to contribute to the dysregulation of descending pain system involved in chronic migraine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.