ReviewActa physiologica (Oxford, England)2019
Intestinal macrophages and their interaction with the enteric nervous system in health and inflammatory bowel disease.
Review in Acta physiologica (Oxford, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reframing the Gut-Brain Axis: The Gut Wall as a Neural Immune Interface in Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurological Diseases.Annals of neurology · 2026Review
- Idiopathic achalasia: unraveling the etiology and pathogenesis of an inflammatory disease.Gastroenterology report · 2026Review
- Enteric nervous system and inflammatory bowel disease.Gastroenterology report · 2026Review
- Obesity-Related Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Properties of Natural Compounds in the Enteric Nervous System: A Literature Overview.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune Interactions in Inflammatory Skin and Intestinal Diseases.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Reconceptualizing regional anesthesia as a systemic modulator: a hypothesis-driven gut-brain axis perspective.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Molecular links between inflammatory bowel disease and Alzheimer's disease through immune signaling and inflammatory pathways.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Enteric nervous system as a therapeutic target in gastrointestinal disorders.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Neuroimmune interactions in inflammatory bowel disease: Role of intestinal macrophages and the cholinergic pathway.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
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- Involvement of Embryo-Derived and Monocyte-Derived Intestinal Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Their Prospects as Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation attenuates inflammatory bowel disease in children: a proof-of-concept clinical trial.Bioelectronic medicine · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Effects of Baicalin on Diseases Related to Gut-Brain Axis Dysfunctions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
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- Research progress on the mechanism of cholesterol-25-hydroxylase in intestinal immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Telocytes and Macrophages in the Gut: From Morphology to Function, Do the Two Cell Types Interact with Each Other? Which Helps Which?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Dioscin ameliorates inflammatory bowel disease by up-regulating miR-125a-5p to regulate macrophage polarization.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Article
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- Microbiota Transplantation in an Antibiotic-Induced Bacterial Depletion Mouse Model: Reproducible Establishment, Analysis, and Application.Microorganisms · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Over the past decades, there has been an increasing understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate modulation of the immune system by the autonomic nervous system. The discovery that vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) attenuates endotoxin-induced experimental sepsis paved the way for further studies investigating neuro-immune interaction. In particular, great attention is now given to intestinal macrophages: several studies report the existence of both intrinsic and extrinsic neural mechanisms by which intestinal immune homoeostasis can be regulated in different layers of the intestine, mainly by affecting macrophage activation through neurotransmitter release. Given the important role of inflammation in numerous disease processes, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cholinergic anti-inflammatory mechanisms are under intense investigation both from a basic and clinical science perspective in immune-mediated diseases such as IBD. This review discusses recent insights on the cross-talk between enteric neurons and the immune system, especially focusing on macrophages, and provides an overview of basic and translational aspects of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory response as therapeutic alternative to reinstall immune homoeostasis in intestinal chronic inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.