ArticleToxics2018
Biomonitoring of Urinary Benzene Metabolite SPMA in the General Population in Central Italy.
Article in Toxics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of 18 mercapturic acids in urine samples from the German Environmental Specimen Bank-tackling the data gap in the human biomonitoring of VOCs in Europe.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Environmental, biological and cognitive monitoring of children in European primary schools: LEARN crossover study protocol.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Biomonitoring Xenobiotics in Human Biospecimens: Challenges, Advances, and the Future of Exposome Characterization.Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology · 2025Article
- Contamination of groundwater by petroleum hydrocarbons: Impact of fuel stations in residential areas.Heliyon · 2024Article
- [Determination of seven monoaromatic hydrocarbon metabolites by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography · 2023Article
- Article
- Biomonitoring of Exposure to Urban Pollutants and Oxidative Stress during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Rome Residents.Toxics · 2022Article
- Kriging-Based Land-Use Regression Models That Use Machine Learning Algorithms to Estimate the Monthly BTEX Concentration.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Analysis of Multiple Biomarkers Using Structural Equation Modeling.Tobacco regulatory science · 2020Article
- Article
- Effect of Benzene Exposure on the Urinary Biomarkers of Nucleic Acid Oxidation in Two Cohorts of Gasoline Pump Attendants.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBenzene is an important component of cigarette smoke and car exhaust. Products containing benzene in concentrations greater than 0.1% are prohibited in Europe, but 1% of benzene is still allowed in gasoline. The purpose of the study was to assess the levels of urine benzene biomarkers in a sample of the general population not occupationally exposed to benzene, resident in the period 2013⁻2014 in Central Italy, compared to other groups.
methodsThe urinary levels of the benzene metabolites S-phenyl-mercapturic acid (SPMA) and cotinine (nicotine metabolite) were determined by means of HPLC with mass spectrometric detection in 1076 subjects.
resultsThe median SPMA value in smokers was 1.132 µg/g of creatinine while in non-smokers it was 0.097 µg/g of creatinine, and the 95th percentile results were seven times higher.
conclusionThe main source of benzene exposure in the studied population was active smoking, however, non-smokers were also exposed to airborne benzene concentrations. The concentration ranges found in this study can be used as a background reference for occupational exposure assessment to benzene by means of SPMA biomonitoring.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.