ArticlePloS one2018
Quantitative assessment of intestinal stiffness and associations with fibrosis in human inflammatory bowel disease.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Exploring the impact of collagen-I genetic variants on intestinal structure and gut microbiota in mouse models of osteogenesis imperfecta.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Topology Outweighs Stiffness: Self-Reinforced Cell Mechanotransduction via Multiaxial Curvature Engineering of Ultrasoft Hydrogels.ACS nano · 2026Article
- Organic Electrochemical Transistors in Tissue-Interfaced Bioelectronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Developing a protocol to counteract spontaneous in vitro activation of intestinal fibroblasts using design of experiments.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Article
- A photo-crosslinkable hyaluronic acid-collagen hydrogel maintains epithelial integrity and supports intestinal organoid stemness.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides as Cross-Seeding Modulators at the Neurodegenerative-Infectious Interface.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- AnBiofabrication · 2025Article
- Engineered Decellularized Matrix Hydrogels with Crypt-Villus Topography for Forming Functional Intestinal Epithelium.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Crohn Disease Strictures: Multimodality Imaging to Identify Imaging Biomarkers.Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc · 2025Review
- Developing a Cell Culture Protocol to Induce Quiescence in Intestinal Fibroblasts Using Design of Experiments Statistical Optimization.Research square · 2025Article
- Bioinspired 3D hydrogel scaffold to mimic tumor microenvironment for investigating into the anoikis resistance mechanisms in colorectal cancer.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- The functional role of the extracellular matrix in inflammatory bowel disease associated gut fibrosis.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to increase in prevalence in industrialized countries. Major complications of IBD include formation of fibrotic strictures, fistulas, reduced absorptive function, cancer risk, and the need for surgery. In other chronic gastrointestinal disease models, stiffness has been shown to precede fibrosis; therefore, stiffness may be a reasonable indicator of progression toward stricture formation in IBD patients. Herein, we seek to quantify tissue stiffness and characterize fibrosis in patients with IBD and to compare mechanical properties of unaffected human tissue to common animal species used for IBD studies. Inflamed and unaffected tissue from IBD patients and unaffected tissue from mice, pigs, and cows were indented using a custom device to determine the effective stiffness. Histology was performed on matched tissues, and total RNA was isolated from IBD tissue samples and used for gene expression analysis of pro-fibrotic genes. We observed an increase in the effective stiffness (steady-state modulus, SSM) (p < 0.0001) and increased expression of the collagen type I gene (COL1A1, p = 0.01) in inflamed tissue compared to unaffected areas in our IBD patient cohort. We also found that increased staining of collagen fibers in submucosa positively correlated with SSM (p = 0.093). We determined that unaffected animal bowel stiffness is significantly greater than similar human tissues, suggesting additional limitations on animal models for translational investigations regarding stiffness-related hypotheses. Taken together, our data support development of tools for evaluation of bowel stiffness in IBD patients for prognostic applications that may enable more accurate prediction of those who will develop fibrosis and more precise prescription of aggressive therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.