SynthesisMedicine2018
Association between parity and the risk for urinary incontinence in women: A meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Two phase I/II clinical trials for the treatment of urinary incontinence with autologous mesenchymal stem cells.Stem cells translational medicine · 2020Trial
- Urinary Incontinence's Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Quality of Life Impact on Working Women in Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2026Article
- Magnitude and factors associated with urinary incontinence among postpartum women in Northwest Ethiopia.Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal analysis of the association between parity, mode of delivery and urinary incontinence in midlife using the SWAN cohort data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Investigating the Risk Indicators of Urinary Incontinence Among Young Nulligravid Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Urinary incontinence among Jordanian women: Prevalence, types, and associated factors.Asian journal of urology · 2024Article
- Coital Incontinence: A Multicentre Study Evaluating Prevalence and Associations.International urogynecology journal · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Quality of Life among Overweight and Obese Women with Different Severity and Types of Urinary Incontinence.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2024Article
- Article
- Impact on urinary incontinence after management of complications related to a retropubic midurethral sling.International urogynecology journal · 2023Review
- Urinary Incontinence Affects the Quality of Life and Increases Psychological Distress and Low Self-Esteem.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Sociodemographic Disparities and Parity in Relation to Urinary Incontinence: A Nationwide Primary Healthcare Cohort Study (1997-2018).Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Estimated burden, and associated factors of Urinary Incontinence among Sub-Saharan African women aged 15-100 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Determinants of Urinary Incontinence and Subtypes Among the Elderly in Nursing Homes.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence in Pregnancy: A Case Control Study.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2020Article
- Clinical value of needleless sling in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence.World journal of clinical cases · 2020Article
- Frailty: A cost incurred by reproduction?Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Factors associated with urinary incontinence in a community sample of young nulligravid women.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2020Article
- Urinary Incontinence Among Omani Women: Prevalence, risk factors and impact on quality of life.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2020Article
- The impact of the absorbent products distribution system on family caregivers of older people with incontinence in Italy: perception of the support received.BMC geriatrics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common complaint for adult female. Cross-sectional studies suggested parity may link with UI, but the association between them was not well-established. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between parity and UI.Medline and Embase were searched for eligible case-control and cohort studies about parity and UI. Two authors screened the literature and extracted the data independently. Odds ratio (OR) was used as the measure of the effect of parity on UI. We pooled the ORs of different number of parity by a random-effect model. Subgroup analysis was conducted by a subtype of UI. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to see whether the results were stable.Thirteen studies (8 cohorts and 5 case-controls) were included in our meta-analysis, with a total of 74,883 adult females. Our meta-analysis showed that compared with nulliparity, ORs of women with 1, 2, and ≥3 parity were 1.43 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.90-2.28; I = 81.4%; n = 4], 1.50 (95% CI: 1.02-2.20; I = 82.5%; n = 4), and 1.58 (95% CI: 1.22-2.03; I = 70.1%; n = 7) compared with nulliparity. The OR for any multiparity to nulliparity was 1.68 (95% CI: 1.39-2.03; I = 0%; n = 4). Subgroup analysis showed that parity was associated with an increased risk of stress UI (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.41-3.81; I = 0%; n = 2; 1 compared with null parity) but not urgent UI; However, the definition of parity varies across studies and studies defined parity as delivery times showed higher pooled OR than those not. Sensitivity analysis showed our results were stable.Current evidence suggested that parity was associated with an increased risk of overall and stress UI but not urgency UI, though the definition of parity may differ. Higher parity may have a more significant effect on overall UI. Standardized definition of parity is needed.
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