ArticleJournal of neurotrauma2018
Progressive Ventricles Enlargement and Cerebrospinal Fluid Volume Increases as a Marker of Neurodegeneration in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.
Article in Journal of neurotrauma, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain morphology changes after spinal cord injury: A voxel-based meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Brain Morphology in Subacute Spinal Cord Injury: Insights Into Functional Recovery Across Brain Networks.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Enhanced Detection of Age-Related and Cognitive Declines Using Automated Hippocampal-To-Ventricle Ratio in Alzheimer's Patients.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- Optimization of cervical cord synthetic TImaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- The spine-brain axis: is spinal anatomy associated with brain volume?Brain communications · 2024Article
- Prognostic MRI parameters in acute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Article
- Cognitive and physical impairment in spinal cord injury: A scoping review and call for new understanding.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2023Article
- Pathophysiology, Classification and Comorbidities after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Longitudinal changes of spinal cord grey and white matter following spinal cord injury.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2021Article
- Extrapyramidal plasticity predicts recovery after spinal cord injury.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Dementia, Depression, and Associated Brain Inflammatory Mechanisms after Spinal Cord Injury.Cells · 2020Review
- Efficacy of Ultra-Early (< 12 h), Early (12-24 h), and Late (>24-138.5 h) Surgery with Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Confirmed Decompression in American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale Grades A, B, and C Cervical Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of neurotrauma · 2020Article
- Guidelines for the conduct of clinical trials in spinal cord injury: Neuroimaging biomarkers.Spinal cord · 2019Review
- Quantitative MRI of rostral spinal cord and brain regions is predictive of functional recovery in acute spinal cord injury.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Next to gray and white matter atrophy, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume and ventricular dilation may be surrogate biomarkers for brain atrophy in spinal cord injury (SCI). We therefore aimed to track brain atrophy by means of CSF volume changes and ventricular enlargements over two years after SCI. Fifteen patients with SCI and 18 healthy controls underwent a series of T1-weighted scans during five time points over two years. Changes of CSF/intracranial volume (CSF/ICV) ratio, CSF volume, and ventricular enlargement rate over time were determined. Sample sizes with 80% power and 5% significance were calculated to detect a range of treatment effects for a two-armed trial. There was a significant cross-sectional increased CSF/ICV ratio in patients compared with controls at each time point (p < 0.02). The rate of CSF/ICV changes, however, was not significantly different between groups over time. CSF volume increased linearly over bilateral sensorimotor cortices (left: p = 0.002, right: p = 0.042) and in the supracerebellar space (p < 0.001) within two years. An acceleration of the enlargement within the third (p = 0.017) and the fourth (p = 0.006) ventricles was observed in patients over time. Sample size estimation for six-month trials with CSF volume requires 25 patients per treatment arm to detect a hypothetical treatment effect in terms of slowing of atrophy rate of 30%. This study shows that SCI-induced changes in CSF/ICV ratio and ventricular expansion rate provide additional information on the neurodegenerative processes after injury. The sensitivity to scoring treatment effects speaks to its potential to serve as a sensitive biomarker in addition to local atrophy measures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.