ArticleJournal of clinical laboratory analysis2019
Association of CD28 and CTLA4 haplotypes with susceptibility to primary Sjögren's syndrome in Mexican population.
Article in Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role and function of CTLA-4 in Sjögren's syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sjögren's Syndrome: Epidemiology, Classification Criteria, Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.MedComm · 2025Review
- Investigation of the association between the genetic polymorphisms of the co-stimulatory system and systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Impact of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms ofJournal of personalized medicine · 2020Article
- Association of CD28 and CTLA4 haplotypes with susceptibility to primary Sjögren's syndrome in Mexican population.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrimary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by destruction of exocrine glands as a result of T and B cells infiltrated in glandular tissue. CD28 and CTLA-4 play a crucial role in T cell activation and inhibition. The aim of this study was to associate CD28 and CTLA4 haplotypes with susceptibility to pSS in patients from western Mexico.
methodsPolymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism were performed to identify CD28 and CTLA4 genotypes in 111 patients with pSS and 138 control subjects (CS). Haplotype analysis was carried out by SHEsis program. Soluble serum levels of CD28 (sCD28) and CTLA-4 (sCTLA-4) were quantified by ELISA kit.
resultsThe CD28 GC haplotype was associated with low risk to pSS (2.5-folds, P < 0.001). CTLA4 CAG and CGA were identified as genetic risk factor (P < 0.001;OR = 3.82[CI95%:2.022-7.296] and P < 0.001; OR = 11.38[CI95%:3.282-37.69] respectively). No difference in sCD28 and sCTLA-4 were found between patients and CS. However, pSS patients carriers of CD28 IVS3 + 17TC genotype showed high sCD28 (P = 0.039 vs TT carriers in CS). In regard to sCTLA-4, patient who carry CTLA4-319C>T, +49 A>G, and +6230 G>A, or their haplotypes did not show any difference.
conclusionOur findings suggest that CD28 GC, CTLA4 CAG, and CGA haplotypes are associated with susceptibility to pSS in patients from western Mexico. It seems that genetic control of CD28 and CTLA4 as well as local immune response in glandular tissue may regulate the impact of the gene expression in pSS. It is necessary to confirm this hypothesis in an integrative study.
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