Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29991926›Full record

ArticleThrombosis journal2018

Association between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Richard G Jung, Pouya Motazedian, F Daniel Ramirez, Trevor Simard, Pietro Di Santo, Sarah Visintini, Mohammad Ali Faraz, Alisha Labinaz, Young Jung, Benjamin Hibbert

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Thrombosis journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 is Internalized by Endothelial Cells via A Pinocytosis-Like Mechanism and Evades Degradation.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
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3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Richard G Jung *1CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-4238, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7 Canada.
Pouya Motazedian *1CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-4238, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7 Canada.
F Daniel Ramirez1CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-4238, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7 Canada.
Trevor Simard1CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-4238, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7 Canada.
Pietro Di Santo1CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-4238, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7 Canada.
Sarah Visintini6Berkman Library, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON Canada.
Mohammad Ali Faraz1CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-4238, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7 Canada.
Alisha Labinaz1CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-4238, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7 Canada.
Young Jung7Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada.
Benjamin Hibbert1CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, H-4238, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7 Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0906-1363
University of Ottawa · CAImpact · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmall studies have implicated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) as a predictor of cardiovascular events; however, these findings have been inconsistent.We sought out to examine the potential role of PAI-1 as a marker for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

methodsWe systematically reviewed all indexed studies examining the association between PAI-1 and MACE (defined as death, myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular accident) or restenosis. EMBASE, Web of Science, Medline, and the Cochrane Library were searched through October 2016 to identify relevant studies, supplemented by letters to authors and review of citations. Studies reporting the results of PAI-1 antigen and/or activity levels in association with MACE in human subjects were included.

resultsOf 5961 articles screened, we identified 38 articles published between 1991 to 2016 that reported PAI-1 levels in 11,557 patients. In studies that examined PAI-1 antigen and activity levels, 15.1% and 29.6% of patients experienced MACE, respectively. Patients with MACE had higher PAI-1 antigen levels with a mean difference of 6.11 ng/mL (95% CI, 3.27-8.96). This finding was similar among patients with and without known coronary artery disease. Comparatively, studies that stratified by PAI-1 activity levels were not associated with MACE. In contrast, studies of coronary restenosis suggest PAI-1 antigen and activity levels are negatively associated with MACE.

conclusionsElevated plasma PAI-1 antigen levels are associated with MACE. Definitive studies are needed to ascertain if PAI-1 acts simply as a marker of risk or if it is indeed a bona fide therapeutic target.

Indexed as

BiomarkersMeta-analysisMortalityMyocardial infarctionPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1

Identifiers

PMID29991926
PMCPMC5987541
OpenAlexW2805430758

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.