ReviewSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society2018
Efficacy of metformin in the management of periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of metformin on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with coronary artery diseases: a systematic review and an updated meta-analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2019Pooled it
- Effects of metformin phonophoresis and exercise therapy on pain, range of motion, and physical function in chronic knee osteoarthritis: randomized clinical trial.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Trial
- Effects of anti-diabetic medications on the teeth, oral soft and hard tissues, saliva, and implants: a scoping review.BDJ open · 2026Review
- Metformin as an Adjunct in Periodontal Therapy: Mechanistic Insights, Research Evidence and Current Challenges.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2026Review
- Efficacy of metformin as an adjunct in periodontitis: A systematic analysis.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial dysfunction as a key player in aggravating periodontitis among diabetic patients: review of the current scope of knowledge.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Influencing factors of oral frailty in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in China: a cross-sectional study based on the integral model of frailty.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Moxifloxacin HCl -loaded Cellulose Acetate Butylate In Situ Forming Gel for Periodontitis Treatment.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Article
- Article
- Applications of Metformin in Dentistry-A review.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2023Review
- Phase Inversion-Based Doxycycline Hyclate-Incorporated Borneol In Situ Gel for Periodontitis Treatment.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effects of metformin on the bioactivity and osseointegration of dental implants: A systematic review.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2023Review
- Impact of Metformin on Periodontal and Peri-Implant Soft and Hard Tissue.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Senescent CD4International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Metformin Hydrochloride-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticle in Periodontal Disease Experimental Model Using Diabetic Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Role of various pharmacologic agents in alveolar bone regeneration: A review.National journal of maxillofacial surgeryReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Periodontitis is characterized by inflammation of the periodontium and leads to loss of teeth if untreated. Although a number of surgical and pharmacological options are available for the management of periodontitis, it still affects a large proportion of population. Recently, metformin (MF), an oral hypoglycemic, has been used to treat periodontitis. The aim of this review is to systematically evaluate the efficacy of MF in the treatment of periodontitis. An electronic search was carried out using the keywords 'metformin', 'periodontal' and 'periodontitis' via the PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar databases for relevant articles published from 1949 to 2016. The addressed focused question was: 'Is metformin effective in reducing bone loss in periodontitis? Critical review and meta-analysis were conducted of the results obtained in the selected studies. Following the removal of the duplicate results, the primary search resulted in 17 articles and seven articles were excluded based on title and abstract. Hence, 10 articles were read completely for eligibility. After exclusion of four irrelevant studies, six articles were included. The topical application of MF resulted in improved histological, clinical and radiographic outcomes. Additionally, results from the meta-analysis indicated that application of metformin improved the clinical and radiographic outcomes of scaling and root-planing, but at the same time heterogeneity was evident among the results. However, because of a lack of histological and bacterial studies, in addition to short follow-up periods and risk of bias, the long-term efficacy of MF in the treatment of bony defects is not yet ascertained. Further studies are needed to envisage the long-term efficacy of MF in the management of periodontitis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.