ReviewFrontiers in neural circuits2018
Function of Selective Neuromodulatory Projections in the Mammalian Cerebral Cortex: Comparison Between Cholinergic and Noradrenergic Systems.
Review in Frontiers in neural circuits, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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30 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantitative anatomy and biophysical modeling of ascending neuromodulatory systems in the developing rat neocortex.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Inhibition of SIRT1/PGC-1α Axis Exacerbates Fluorine and Aluminium Induced Neurotoxicity via Drp1-dependent Aggravated Mitochondrial Fission.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Blood oxygenation level-dependent responses in neuromodulatory nuclei and their associations with attention and memory across age groups.Neurobiology of aging · 2025Article
- Phase synchrony between prefrontal noradrenergic and cholinergic signals indexes inhibitory control.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Neuromodulatory influences on propagation of traveling waves along the unimodal-transmodal gradient.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
- Thiamine Pyrophosphate Effects on Newborn Piglets as a Measure of Vitality and Survival Indicators.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Impaired modulation of the trigeminal caudal nucleus by the locus coeruleus in diabetic mice: the role of GABAergic and glycinergic neurons.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2025Article
- Rapid emergence of latent knowledge in the sensory cortex drives learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Fast and slow: Recording neuromodulator dynamics across both transient and chronic time scales.Science advances · 2024Article
- Review
- Vagus nerve stimulation: a physical therapy with promising potential for central nervous system disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Fluoride-Induced Cortical Toxicity in Rats: the Role of Excessive Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Mediated Defective Autophagy.Biological trace element research · 2023Article
- Identifying the distinct spectral dynamics of laminar-specific interhemispheric connectivity with bilateral line-scanning fMRI.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Article
- Alpha2-Adrenergic Receptors as a Pharmacological Target for Spike-Wave Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Possible role of locus coeruleus neuronal loss in age-related memory and attention deficits.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cerebral cortex and hippocampus neural interaction during vagus nerve stimulation underFrontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- The Contribution of the Locus Coeruleus-Noradrenaline System Degeneration during the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease.Biology · 2022Review
- Brainstem noradrenergic neurons: Identifying a hub at the intersection of cognition, motility, and skeletal muscle regulation.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2022Review
- The Neuromodulatory Role of the Noradrenergic and Cholinergic Systems and Their Interplay in Cognitive Functions: A Focused Review.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Gated feedforward inhibition in the frontal cortex releases goal-directed action.Nature neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cortical processing is dynamically modulated by different neuromodulators. Neuromodulation of the cerebral cortex is crucial for maintaining cognitive brain functions such as perception, attention and learning. However, we do not fully understand how neuromodulatory projections are organized in the cerebral cortex to exert various functions. The basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic projection and the locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic projection are well-known neuromodulatory projections to the cortex. Decades of studies have identified anatomical and physiological characteristics of these circuits. While both cholinergic and noradrenergic neurons widely project to the cortex, they exhibit different levels of selectivity. Here, we summarize their anatomical and physiological features, highlighting selectivity and specificity of these circuits to different cortical regions. We discuss the importance of selective modulation by comparing their functions in the cortex. We highlight key features in the input-output circuits and target selectivity of these neuromodulatory projections and their roles in controlling four major brain functions: attention, reinforcement, learning and memory, sleep and wakefulness.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.