ArticleInflammopharmacology2018
Efficacy analysis of hydroxychloroquine therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus: a study on disease activity and immunological biomarkers.
Article in Inflammopharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Clinical and Preclinical Studies of Hydroxychloroquine on RNA Viruses and Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- Serum interleukin-6 level is correlated with the disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2020Pooled it
- Retinal microvasculature changes in long-term consumption of hydroxychloroquine.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: Immunomodulatory effects in autoimmune diseases.World journal of biological chemistry · 2025Review
- Drug History and SLE Laboratory Findings Among Iraqi Patients: A Hospital-Based Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Systemic lupus erythematosus: pathogenesis and targeted therapy.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- Article
- The Impact of Hydroxychloroquine on Primary Feto-Placental Endothelial Cells from Healthy and Early-Onset Preeclamptic Placentas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Effect of add-on hydroxychloroquine therapy on serum proinflammatory cytokine levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Drug safety of frequently used drugs and substances for self-medication in COVID-19.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2022Review
- Autophagy and Skin Diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus: overview of current knowledge.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2022Review
- Hsa_circ_0010957 level is increased and sponges microRNA‑125b in CD4Molecular medicine reports · 2021Article
- Short-term high-dose gavage of hydroxychloroquine changes gut microbiota but not the intestinal integrity and immunological responses in mice.Life sciences · 2021Article
- Can endolysosomal deacidification and inhibition of autophagy prevent severe COVID-19?Life sciences · 2020Review
- Article
- Cardiovascular Impairment in COVID-19: Learning From Current Options for Cardiovascular Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a widely prescribed medication to patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with potential anti-inflammatory effects. This study was performed to investigate the efficacy of HCQ therapy by serial assessment of disease activity and serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines in SLE patients.
methodsIn this prospective cohort study, 41 newly diagnosed SLE patients receiving 400 mg HCQ per day were included. Patients requiring statins and immunosuppressive drugs except prednisolone at doses lower than 10 mg/day were excluded. Outcome measures were assessed before commencement of HCQ therapy (baseline visit) as well as in two follow-up visits (1 and 2 months after beginning the HCQ therapy). Serum samples of 41 age-matched healthy donors were used as controls.
resultsMedian levels of IL-1β (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p = 0.001), and TNF-α (p < 0.001) were significantly higher, whereas, median CH50 level was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in SLE patients compared with controls. Two-month treatment with HCQ resulted in significant decrease in SLEDAI-2K (p < 0.001), anti-dsDNA (p < 0.001), IL-1β (p = 0.003), IL-6 (p < 0.001) and TNF-α (p < 0.001) and a significant increase in CH50 levels (p = 0.012). The reductions in SLEDAI-2K and serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly greater in the first month compared with the reductions in the second month.
conclusionHCQ therapy is effective on clinical improvement of SLE patients through interfering with inflammatory signaling pathways, reducing anti-DNA autoantibodies and normalizing the complement activity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.