SynthesisClinical pharmacokinetics2019
Fetal Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models: Systems Information on the Growth and Composition of Fetal Organs.
Synthesis in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evaluation of Fetal Exposures to Metals and Metalloids through Meconium Analyses: A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Spaceborne and spaceborn: Physiological aspects of pregnancy and birth during interplanetary flight.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Utility of a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for investigating time-dependent variability in the fetal-to-maternal plasma concentration ratio of digoxin.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2026Article
- Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Support Pediatric Clinical Development: An IQ Working Group Perspective on the Current Status and Challenges.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026Review
- Prediction of Maternal and Fetal Exposure to Escitalopram, Sertraline, and Paroxetine by Combining Human Ex Vivo Placenta Perfusion Data and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Article
- Predicting Maternal and Fetal Exposures of Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor during Pregnancy through Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Maternal-Fetal Physiologically Based Population Pharmacokinetics Model Development of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in HIV/HBV Co-infected Pregnant Women to Quantitatively Describe the Gestational PK Characteristics and Predict the Potential Disease-Drug-Drug Interaction (DDDI).Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Article
- Application of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Approach to Predict Tenofovir Pharmacokinetics During Pregnancy.The AAPS journal · 2025Article
- Inhibition of Neural Crest Cell Migration by Strobilurin Fungicides and Other Mitochondrial Toxicants.Cells · 2024Article
- Development of a Generic Fetal Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model and Prediction of Human Maternal and Fetal Organ Concentrations of Cefuroxime.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Article
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetics Modeling in the Neonatal Population-Current Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Evaluating the Pharmacokinetics of Fentanyl in the Brain Extracellular Fluid, Saliva, Urine, and Plasma of Newborns from Transplacental Exposure from Parturient Mothers Dosed with Epidural Fentanyl Utilizing PBPK Modeling.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2023Article
- The Analysis of Pethidine Pharmacokinetics in Newborn Saliva, Plasma, and Brain Extracellular Fluid After Prenatal Intrauterine Exposure from Pregnant Mothers Receiving Intramuscular Dose Using PBPK Modeling.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2023Article
- Drug exposure during pregnancy: Current understanding and approaches to measure maternal-fetal drug exposure.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Predicting Human Fetal Drug Exposure Through Maternal-Fetal PBPK Modeling and In Vitro or Ex Vivo Studies.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Review
- Applications, Challenges, and Outlook for PBPK Modeling and Simulation: A Regulatory, Industrial and Academic Perspective.Pharmaceutical research · 2022Review
- Prediction of Maternal and Fetal Acyclovir, Emtricitabine, Lamivudine, and Metformin Concentrations during Pregnancy Using a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2022Article
- Application of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Approach to Predict Theophylline Pharmacokinetics Using Virtual Non-Pregnant, Pregnant, Fetal, Breast-Feeding, and Neonatal Populations.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Quantification of Fetal Renal Function Using Fetal Urine Production Rate and Its Reflection on the Amniotic and Fetal Creatinine Levels During Pregnancy.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Successful Prediction of Human Fetal Exposure to P-Glycoprotein Substrate Drugs Using the Proteomics-Informed Relative Expression Factor Approach and PBPK Modeling and Simulation.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe growth of fetal organs is a dynamic process involving considerable changes in the anatomical and physiological parameters that can alter fetal exposure to xenobiotics in utero. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models can be used to predict the fetal exposure as time-varying parameters can easily be incorporated.
objectiveThe objective of this study was to collate, analyse and integrate the available time-varying parameters needed for the physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling of xenobiotic kinetics in a fetal population.
methodsWe performed a comprehensive literature search on the physiological development of fetal organs. Data were carefully assessed, integrated and a meta-analysis was performed to establish growth trends with fetal age and weight. Algorithms and models were generated to describe the growth of these parameter values as functions of age and/or weight.
resultsFetal physiologically based pharmacokinetic parameters, including the size of the heart, liver, brain, kidneys, lungs, spleen, muscles, pancreas, skin, bones, adrenal and thyroid glands, thymus, gut and gonads were quantified as a function of fetal age and weight. Variability around the means of these parameters at different fetal ages was also reported. The growth of the investigated parameters was not consistent (with respect to direction and monotonicity).
conclusionDespite the limitations identified in the availability of some values, the data presented in this article provide a unique resource for age-dependent organ size and composition parameters needed for fetal physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling. This will facilitate the application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic models during drug development and in the risk assessment of environmental chemicals and following maternally administered drugs or unintended exposure to environmental toxicants in this population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.