Trial reportChild's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery2018
International Infant Hydrocephalus Study (IIHS): 5-year health outcome results of a prospective, multicenter comparison of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and shunt for infant hydrocephalus.
Trial report in Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00652470 (International Infant Hydrocephalus Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
International Infant Hydrocephalus Study: A Multicentre, Prospective Study
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcomes of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) in the treatment of paediatric hydrocephalus: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Pooled it
- Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for diencephalosynapsis-related hydrocephalus in MPDZ gene syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026Review
- Changes of head circumference and ventricular width in infant hydrocephalus managed with adjustable shunt valves and gravitational assistance-a comparative bi-center study.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Article
- Comparison of postoperative outcomes following endoscopic third ventriculostomy or shunt in a propensity score matched pediatric cohort.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Article
- Managing hydrocephalus in 54 infants under 3 months of age: A single center cohort study.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Article
- Current Diagnostic, Counseling, and Treatment Options in Non-Severe and Severe Apparently Isolated Fetal Ventriculomegaly.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Article
- Comparing motor development in children with hydrocephalus after treatment with ventriculoperitoneal shunt and endoscopic third ventriculostomy: a cross-sectional study.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2024Article
- What has changed in pediatric neurosurgical care in spina bifida? A 30-year UAB/Children's of Alabama observational overview.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2023Article
- New therapeutic hypothesis for infantile extrinsic hydrocephalus.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly: What do we tell the prospective parents?Prenatal diagnosis · 2022Review
- Long-term quality of life after ETV or ETV with consecutive VP shunt placement in hydrocephalic pediatric patients.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2022Article
- Treatment Strategies and Challenges to Avoid Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunting for Pediatric Hydrocephalus.Neurologia medico-chirurgica · 2022Review
- Infant hydrocephalus: what valve first?Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2021Review
- Post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus is associated with poorer surgical and neurodevelopmental sequelae than other causes of infant hydrocephalus.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2021Review
- Refractory Epilepsy in a Toddler With PPP2R1A Gene Mutation and Congenital Hydrocephalus.Cureus · 2021Article
- Hydrocephalus in infants: the unique biomechanics and why they matter.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2020Review
- Cranial and ventricular size following shunting or endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in infants with aqueductal stenosis: further insights from the International Infant Hydrocephalus Study (IIHS).Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionOne of the most important unanswered questions in pediatric hydrocephalus is determining whether treatment with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) versus shunt results in improved health status and quality of life (QOL). To answer this, the International Infant Hydrocephalus Study (IIHS) was started in 2005 as a prospective, multicenter study to compare ETV and shunt in infants (< 24 months old) with symptomatic triventricular hydrocephalus from aqueductal stenosis. Herein, we present the 5-year primary outcome results.
methodsIIHS utilized a prospective comprehensive cohort design, in which patients received ETV or shunt, based on either randomization or parental preference. For this analysis, we pooled the randomized arm and the parental preference arm, analyzing them together. At 5 years of age, children were assessed with the Health Utilities Index Mark 2 (HUI-2) (primary outcome) and the Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire (HOQ), a measure of QOL. Results were compared in an analysis of covariance, adjusting for baseline variables including age at surgery and baseline development status.
resultsFrom a total of 158 patients who met eligibility criteria, complete 5-year outcomes were available on 78 (19 treated initially with shunt, 61 treated initially with ETV), assessed at a mean age of 62.1 months (SD 6.3). The mean 5-year HUI-2 utility score was 0.90 (SD 0.19) for ETV and 0.94 (SD 0.10) for shunt (p = 0.21). The mean 5-year HOQ overall score was 0.81 (SD 0.15) for ETV and 0.85 (SD 0.12) for shunt (p = 0.42). Similarly, there were no significant differences noted between 5-year HOQ subscores (cognitive, social-emotional, physical) or developmental measures at 1, 2, and 3 years.
conclusionsThis is the first prospective direct comparison of long-term outcomes of ETV and shunt for infant hydrocephalus. These results suggest that overall health status and quality of life in this cohort of infants treated for aqueductal stenosis are high, with no significant difference between those treated initially with ETV or shunt.
trial registrationNCT00652470.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.