ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of extracellular vesicles on malignant tumours: Mechanisms and clinical findings (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Emerging risks of health optimisation: refractory nausea associated with peptide injections reported to contain retatrutide.BMJ case reports · 2026Article
- Molecular Targets in Modern Cosmetic Science.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- GHK-Cu as a Bioactive Metallopeptide and Drug-Delivery Cargo: Coordination Chemistry, Formulation Science, Therapeutic Evidence, and a Translational Roadmap.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Augmented Skin Beneficial Effects of Thermus Thermophilus and Bacillus Subtilis Mixed-Culture Ferment Extract by Tripeptide GHK-Cu.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2026Article
- Microbiome-Directed Bioactive Strategies in Skin Aging: Mechanistic Insights and Precision Nanocarrier Delivery Approaches.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A Systematic Review of the Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications of GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine-Copper Complex) in Topical Microneedle Delivery: A Case for Expanded Clinical Trials.Archives of internal medicine research · 2026Article
- AAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Copper Complexes: Emerging Micro- and Nanosystems for Dermatological Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Redox-Responsive GHK-Conjugated Sponge Spicules for Sustained Dermal Delivery and Enhanced Collagen Synthesis.Micromachines · 2026Article
- The Immune-Chemokine Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: Roles of Adaptive Immune System in Neuroinflammation and Disease Progression.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Middle-aged mice treated with GHK-Cu peptide administered intraperitoneally or intranasally show behavioral rescue but divergent hippocampal aging programs.Research square · 2026Article
- The Laccase-like Property of GHK-Cu and Its Applications in Colorimetric Sensing of Phenolic Compounds.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Overview of Short Peptides for Hair Loss.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Unveiling the Distinct Effects of a Two-Dimensional Copper/Sodium Complex: Oxidative Stress on Erythrocytes and Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Drug Resistance, and Inflammation in Lung Cancer Cells.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Metabolomics of cerebrospinal fluid following traumatic brain injury: Exploration of biomarkers for secondary injuries and severity.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- The Tripartite Regulatory Framework of the Skin Extracellular Microenvironment and Related Anti-aging Strategies.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Therapeutic peptides in gerontology: mechanisms and applications for healthy aging.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Anxiolytic Effect of GHK-PGP Peptide and Its Structural Analogues in a Test with Punished Behavior.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2025Article
- Enrichment and functional characterization of copper-binding peptides from food hydrolysates.RSC advances · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human peptide GHK (glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine) has multiple biological actions, all of which, according to our current knowledge, appear to be health positive. It stimulates blood vessel and nerve outgrowth, increases collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, as well as supports the function of dermal fibroblasts. GHK’s ability to improve tissue repair has been demonstrated for skin, lung connective tissue, boney tissue, liver, and stomach lining. GHK has also been found to possess powerful cell protective actions, such as multiple anti-cancer activities and anti-inflammatory actions, lung protection and restoration of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) fibroblasts, suppression of molecules thought to accelerate the diseases of aging such as NFκB, anti-anxiety, anti-pain and anti-aggression activities, DNA repair, and activation of cell cleansing via the proteasome system. Recent genetic data may explain such diverse protective and healing actions of one molecule, revealing multiple biochemical pathways regulated by GHK.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.