Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29986210›Full record

ArticleRedox biology2018

ROS-mediated lysosomal membrane permeabilization is involved in bupivacaine-induced death of rabbit intervertebral disc cells.

Xianyi Cai, Yunlu Liu, Yiqiang Hu, Xianzhe Liu, Hongyan Jiang, Shuhua Yang, Zengwu Shao, Yun Xia, Liming Xiong

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Redox biology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. ACSL4-Dependent Lysosomal Lipid Peroxidation Links WTAP-Mediated mAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Peroxynitrite regulates ER stress-mediated CaJournal of translational medicine · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xianyi CaiDepartment of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Yunlu LiuDepartment of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Yiqiang HuDepartment of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Xianzhe LiuDepartment of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Hongyan JiangDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Shuhua YangDepartment of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Zengwu ShaoDepartment of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Yun XiaCancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China. Electronic address: shining1010@hust.edu.cn.
Liming XiongDepartment of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China. Electronic address: xiongliming@hust.edu.cn.
Union Hospital · CNHuazhong University of Science and Technology · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bupivacaine is frequently administered for diagnosing and controlling spine-related pain in interventional spine procedures. However, the potential cytotoxic effects of bupivacaine on intervertebral disc (IVD) cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully established. Here, we showed that bupivacaine decreased the viability of rabbit IVD cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, the short-term cytotoxicity of bupivacaine in IVD cells was primarily due to cell necrosis, as assessed by Annexin V-propidium iodide staining and live/dead cell staining. Necrosis was verified by observations of swollen organelles, plasma membrane rupture, and cellular lysis under transmission electronic microscopy. Interestingly, our data indicated that bupivacaine-induced primary necrosis might involve the necroptosis pathway. The key finding of this study was that bupivacaine was able to induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) with the release of cathepsins into the cytosol, as evidenced by LysoTracker Red staining, acridine orange staining, and cathepsin D immunofluorescence staining. Consistently, inhibitors of lysosomal cathepsins, CA074-Me and pepstatin A, significantly reduced bupivacaine-induced cell death. Finally, we found that bupivacaine resulted in an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and that inhibition of ROS by N-acetyl-L-cysteine effectively blocked bupivacaine-induced LMP and cell death. In summary, the results of this in vitro study reveal a novel mechanism underlying bupivacaine-induced cell death involving ROS-mediated LMP. Our findings establish a basis for the further investigation of bupivacaine cytotoxicity in an in vivo system.

Indexed as

Anesthetics, LocalAnimalsBupivacaineCell DeathCells, CulturedCell SurvivalIntervertebral DiscLysosomesNecrosisPermeabilityRabbitsReactive Oxygen SpeciesAnesthetics, LocalBupivacaineReactive Oxygen SpeciesBupivacaineIntervertebral discLMPNecrosisROS

Identifiers

PMID29986210
PMCPMC6037912
OpenAlexW2810741181

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.