ArticlePLoS genetics2018
GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR 9 negatively regulates arabidopsis leaf growth by controlling ORG3 and restricting cell proliferation in leaf primordia.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overview of molecular mechanisms of plant leaf development: a systematic review.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Pooled it
- Insights into the genetic bases of differential organ size in cactus flowers: a case study in two contrasting species.Annals of botany · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Analysis of the GRF-GIF Module inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Natural variation in SlGRF10 reveals a role in regulating tomato fruit weight.Plant physiology · 2026Article
- Genome-wide identification of the GRF gene family and response to cold stress in astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus).BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Growth Regulatory Factor Gene Family inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Rootstock of distant hybrid activates transcription factors of scion cultivar to promote growth and yield in walnut.Plant biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of the growth-regulating factor family in Mikania micrantha.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- The WRC domain of GRF transcription factors: Structure and DNA recognition.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- A molecular framework for the GS2-SUG1 module-mediated control of grain size and weight in rice.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Growth-Regulating Factor Gene Family Responsive to Abiotic Stresses and Phytohormone Treatments inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- In silico genome-wide analysis of the growth-regulating factor gene family and their expression profiling in Vitis vinifera under biotic stress.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- Identification and functional analysis of growth- regulating factors involved in abiotic stress response inFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Article
- Modulation of histone acetylation enables fully mechanized hybrid rice breeding.Nature plants · 2024Article
- Molecular Evolution of RAMOSA1 (RA1) in Land Plants.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Genome-wide molecular evolution analysis of the GRF and GIF gene families in Plantae (Archaeplastida).BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Genome-wide identification of the GRF family in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and functional analysis of the CsGRF04 in response to multiple abiotic stresses.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- BpGRP1 acts downstream of BpmiR396c/BpGRF3 to confer salt tolerance in Betula platyphylla.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- NAKED ENDOSPERM1, NAKED ENDOSPERM2, and OPAQUE2 interact to regulate gene networks in maize endosperm development.The Plant cell · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Leaf growth is a complex process that involves the action of diverse transcription factors (TFs) and their downstream gene regulatory networks. In this study, we focus on the functional characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana TF GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR9 (GRF9) and demonstrate that it exerts its negative effect on leaf growth by activating expression of the bZIP TF OBP3-RESPONSIVE GENE 3 (ORG3). While grf9 knockout mutants produce bigger incipient leaf primordia at the shoot apex, rosette leaves and petals than the wild type, the sizes of those organs are reduced in plants overexpressing GRF9 (GRF9ox). Cell measurements demonstrate that changes in leaf size result from alterations in cell numbers rather than cell sizes. Kinematic analysis and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay revealed that GRF9 restricts cell proliferation in the early developing leaf. Performing in vitro binding site selection, we identified the 6-base motif 5'-CTGACA-3' as the core binding site of GRF9. By global transcriptome profiling, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) we identified ORG3 as a direct downstream, and positively regulated target of GRF9. Genetic analysis of grf9 org3 and GRF9ox org3 double mutants reveals that both transcription factors act in a regulatory cascade to control the final leaf dimensions by restricting cell number in the developing leaf.
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