SynthesisJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2018
Impact of Protease Inhibitors on HIV-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma Incidence: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- European Code Against Cancer, 5th edition - cancer-causing infections and related interventions.Molecular oncology · 2026Review
- A solitary nodule of Kaposi's sarcoma.JAAD case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Vascular endothelial growth factor A: friend or foe in the pathogenesis of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infections?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Anti-HIV and Anti-Candidal Effects of Methanolic Extract fromInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-Associated Cutaneous Kaposi's Sarcoma: Clinical, HIV-Related, and Sociodemographic Predictors of Outcome.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Article
- Expression of CD40L on CD4Cancer treatment and research communications · 2021Article
- Kaposi Sarcoma as a Cutaneous Vasculitis Mimic: Diagnosis and Treatment.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProtease inhibitors (PIs) may inhibit Kaposi sarcoma (KS) carcinogenesis. However, PI-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is rarely a first-line choice in people living with HIV (PLWH) because of cost and toxicities. This is the first systematic review to assess KS incidence stratified by ART type.
methodsWe searched PubMed to identify original, full research reports of KS incidence in ART-treated adult PLWH, stratified by ART class, published between 1996 and 2017. For overlapping cohorts, we included only the most recent study and supplemented data with earlier relevant analyses. We described study design, sociodemographic characteristics, statistical adjustment factors, and KS incidence.
resultsWe identified 3 unique retrospective cohort studies, and supplemented one of the studies with results from 6 previous subgroup reports, which included 242,309 PLWH and 3570 incident KS cases. Overall, KS crude incidence decreased by a factor of 10 between untreated and ART-treated PLWH; CD4-adjusted KS incidence decreased by ∼50%, with either non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor- or PI-based ART. A single study measured a cumulative dose-/time-dependent effect of ART, which reported a relative risk reduction in only the cohort receiving boosted PI-based ART. Other studies defined ART categories by first-line therapy only.
conclusionsThe risk of incident KS was significantly reduced, regardless of ART class even after adjusting for CD4 count. The quality of evidence (ie, most studies categorizing users by first-line ART) does not permit KS risk reduction comparisons across ART types. Given the limited number and retrospective nature of these studies, prospective data are indicated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.